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Guides Access control CORS Authentication Browser detection using the user agent Caching Caching FAQ Compression Conditional requests Connection management in HTTP 1.x Content negotiation Content negotiation: List of default Accept values Cookies CSP Messages Overview Protocol upgrade mechanism Proxy servers and tunneling Proxy servers and tunneling: Proxy Auto-Configuration (PAC) file Public Key Pinning Range requests Redirections Resources and specifications Resources and URIs Response codes Server-Side Access Control Session Guides: Basics Basics of HTTP Choosing between www and non-www URLs Data URIs Evolution of HTTP Identifying resources on the Web MIME Types MIME types: Complete list of MIME types CSP Content-Security-Policy Content-Security-Policy-Report-Only CSP: base-uri CSP: block-all-mixed-content CSP: child-src CSP: connect-src CSP: default-src CSP: font-src CSP: form-action CSP: frame-ancestors CSP: frame-src CSP: img-src CSP: manifest-src CSP: media-src CSP: object-src CSP: plugin-types CSP: referrer CSP: report-uri CSP: require-sri-for CSP: sandbox CSP: script-src CSP: style-src CSP: upgrade-insecure-requests CSP: worker-src Headers Accept Accept-Charset Accept-Encoding Accept-Language Accept-Ranges Access-Control-Allow-Credentials Access-Control-Allow-Headers Access-Control-Allow-Methods Access-Control-Allow-Origin Access-Control-Expose-Headers Access-Control-Max-Age Access-Control-Request-Headers Access-Control-Request-Method Age Allow Authorization Cache-Control Connection Content-Disposition Content-Encoding Content-Language Content-Length Content-Location Content-Range Content-Type Cookie Cookie2 Date DNT ETag Expect Expires Forwarded From Headers Host If-Match If-Modified-Since If-None-Match If-Range If-Unmodified-Since Keep-Alive Large-Allocation Last-Modified Location Origin Pragma Proxy-Authenticate Proxy-Authorization Public-Key-Pins Public-Key-Pins-Report-Only Range Referer Referrer-Policy Retry-After Server Set-Cookie Set-Cookie2 SourceMap Strict-Transport-Security TE Tk Trailer Transfer-Encoding Upgrade-Insecure-Requests User-Agent User-Agent: Firefox Vary Via Warning WWW-Authenticate X-Content-Type-Options X-DNS-Prefetch-Control X-Forwarded-For X-Forwarded-Host X-Forwarded-Proto X-Frame-Options X-XSS-Protection Methods CONNECT DELETE GET HEAD Methods OPTIONS PATCH POST PUT Status 100 Continue 101 Switching Protocols 200 OK 201 Created 202 Accepted 203 Non-Authoritative Information 204 No Content 205 Reset Content 206 Partial Content 300 Multiple Choices 301 Moved Permanently 302 Found 303 See Other 304 Not Modified 307 Temporary Redirect 308 Permanent Redirect 400 Bad Request 401 Unauthorized 403 Forbidden 404 Not Found 405 Method Not Allowed 406 Not Acceptable 407 Proxy Authentication Required 408 Request Timeout 409 Conflict 410 Gone 411 Length Required 412 Precondition Failed 413 Payload Too Large 414 URI Too Long 415 Unsupported Media Type 416 Range Not Satisfiable 417 Expectation Failed 426 Upgrade Required 428 Precondition Required 429 Too Many Requests 431 Request Header Fields Too Large 451 Unavailable For Legal Reasons 500 Internal Server Error 501 Not Implemented 502 Bad Gateway 503 Service Unavailable 504 Gateway Timeout 505 HTTP Version Not Supported 511 Network Authentication Required Status
characters

用戶代理請求頭包含一個特征串,其允許網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議對等體,以確定請求軟件的用戶代理的應(yīng)用程序類型,操作系統(tǒng),軟件供應(yīng)商或軟件版本。

請閱讀使用用戶代理的瀏覽器檢測,以及為什么向不同的瀏覽器提供不同的網(wǎng)頁或服務(wù)通常是一個壞主意。

Header type

Request header

Forbidden header name

no

句法

User-Agent: <product> / <product-version> <comment>Common format for web browsers:User-Agent: Mozilla/<version> (<system-information>) <platform> (<platform-details>) <extensions>

指令

<product> 產(chǎn)品標(biāo)識符 <product-version> 產(chǎn)品的版本號<comment> 例如,零個或多個包含子產(chǎn)品信息的注釋。

Firefox UA 字符串

有關(guān)基于 Firefox 和 Gecko 的用戶代理字符串的更多詳細(xì)信息,請參閱 Firefox 用戶代理字符串參考。Firefox 本身的 UA 字符串被分解為四個組件:

Mozilla / 5.0(platform ; rv:geckoversion)Gecko / geckotrail Firefox / firefoxversion

  • Mozilla / 5.0 是一款表示瀏覽器兼容 Mozilla 的通用標(biāo)記,并且?guī)缀踹m用于今天的所有瀏覽器。

  • 平臺描述瀏覽器運行的本地平臺(例如Windows,Mac,Linux 或 Android)以及它是否是手機。Firefox OS 手機只是說“手機”; 網(wǎng)絡(luò)就是平臺。請注意,平臺可以由多個“;”分隔的令牌組成。請參閱下面的進(jìn)一步細(xì)節(jié)和示例。

  • rv:geckoversion 表示 Gecko 的發(fā)布版本(例如“17.0”)。在最近的瀏覽器中,geckoversion firefoxversion 相同。

  • Gecko / geckotrail 表明瀏覽器基于 Gecko。

  • 在桌面上,geckotrail 是固定字符串“20100101”

  • Firefox / firefoxversion 表示瀏覽器是 Firefox,并提供版本(例如“ 17.0”)。

例子

Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:47.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/47.0Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X x.y; rv:42.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/42.0

Chrome UA 字符串

Chrome(或Chromium /基于閃爍的引擎)用戶代理字符串與 Firefox 格式類似。為了兼容性,它添加了諸如 “KHTML,Gecko” 和 “Safari” 之類的字符串。

例子

Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/51.0.2704.103 Safari/537.36

Opera UA 字符串

Opera 瀏覽器也基于 blink 引擎,這就是為什么它看起來幾乎相同,但添加了 “OPR / <版本>”。

例子

Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/51.0.2704.106 Safari/537.36 OPR/38.0.2220.41

Safari UA 字符串

在這個例子中,用戶代理字符串是移動 Safari 瀏覽器版本。它包含“移動”一詞。

例子

Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 10_3_1 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/603.1.30 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/10.0 Mobile/14E304 Safari/602.1

Internet Explorer UA 字符串

例子

Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows Phone OS 7.5; Trident/5.0; IEMobile/9.0)

爬蟲和機器人 UA 字符串

例子

Googlebot/2.1 (+http://www.google.com/bot.html)

產(chǎn)品規(guī)格

Specification

Title

RFC 7231, section 5.5.3: User-Agent

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Semantics and Content

瀏覽器兼容性

Feature

Chrome

Edge

Firefox

Internet Explorer

Opera

Safari

Basic Support

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

Feature

Android

Chrome for Android

Edge mobile

Firefox for Android

IE mobile

Opera Android

iOS Safari

Basic Support

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

  • 用戶代理檢測,歷史記錄和清單

  • Firefox用戶代理字符串參考

  • 使用用戶代理進(jìn)行瀏覽器檢測

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