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Guides Access control CORS Authentication Browser detection using the user agent Caching Caching FAQ Compression Conditional requests Connection management in HTTP 1.x Content negotiation Content negotiation: List of default Accept values Cookies CSP Messages Overview Protocol upgrade mechanism Proxy servers and tunneling Proxy servers and tunneling: Proxy Auto-Configuration (PAC) file Public Key Pinning Range requests Redirections Resources and specifications Resources and URIs Response codes Server-Side Access Control Session Guides: Basics Basics of HTTP Choosing between www and non-www URLs Data URIs Evolution of HTTP Identifying resources on the Web MIME Types MIME types: Complete list of MIME types CSP Content-Security-Policy Content-Security-Policy-Report-Only CSP: base-uri CSP: block-all-mixed-content CSP: child-src CSP: connect-src CSP: default-src CSP: font-src CSP: form-action CSP: frame-ancestors CSP: frame-src CSP: img-src CSP: manifest-src CSP: media-src CSP: object-src CSP: plugin-types CSP: referrer CSP: report-uri CSP: require-sri-for CSP: sandbox CSP: script-src CSP: style-src CSP: upgrade-insecure-requests CSP: worker-src Headers Accept Accept-Charset Accept-Encoding Accept-Language Accept-Ranges Access-Control-Allow-Credentials Access-Control-Allow-Headers Access-Control-Allow-Methods Access-Control-Allow-Origin Access-Control-Expose-Headers Access-Control-Max-Age Access-Control-Request-Headers Access-Control-Request-Method Age Allow Authorization Cache-Control Connection Content-Disposition Content-Encoding Content-Language Content-Length Content-Location Content-Range Content-Type Cookie Cookie2 Date DNT ETag Expect Expires Forwarded From Headers Host If-Match If-Modified-Since If-None-Match If-Range If-Unmodified-Since Keep-Alive Large-Allocation Last-Modified Location Origin Pragma Proxy-Authenticate Proxy-Authorization Public-Key-Pins Public-Key-Pins-Report-Only Range Referer Referrer-Policy Retry-After Server Set-Cookie Set-Cookie2 SourceMap Strict-Transport-Security TE Tk Trailer Transfer-Encoding Upgrade-Insecure-Requests User-Agent User-Agent: Firefox Vary Via Warning WWW-Authenticate X-Content-Type-Options X-DNS-Prefetch-Control X-Forwarded-For X-Forwarded-Host X-Forwarded-Proto X-Frame-Options X-XSS-Protection Methods CONNECT DELETE GET HEAD Methods OPTIONS PATCH POST PUT Status 100 Continue 101 Switching Protocols 200 OK 201 Created 202 Accepted 203 Non-Authoritative Information 204 No Content 205 Reset Content 206 Partial Content 300 Multiple Choices 301 Moved Permanently 302 Found 303 See Other 304 Not Modified 307 Temporary Redirect 308 Permanent Redirect 400 Bad Request 401 Unauthorized 403 Forbidden 404 Not Found 405 Method Not Allowed 406 Not Acceptable 407 Proxy Authentication Required 408 Request Timeout 409 Conflict 410 Gone 411 Length Required 412 Precondition Failed 413 Payload Too Large 414 URI Too Long 415 Unsupported Media Type 416 Range Not Satisfiable 417 Expectation Failed 426 Upgrade Required 428 Precondition Required 429 Too Many Requests 431 Request Header Fields Too Large 451 Unavailable For Legal Reasons 500 Internal Server Error 501 Not Implemented 502 Bad Gateway 503 Service Unavailable 504 Gateway Timeout 505 HTTP Version Not Supported 511 Network Authentication Required Status
characters

Accept-Encoding請(qǐng)求的 HTTP 標(biāo)頭通告其內(nèi)容編碼，通常是一個(gè)壓縮算法中，客戶端是能夠理解的。使用內(nèi)容協(xié)商，服務(wù)器選擇其中一個(gè)提議，使用它并通過(guò)Content-Encoding響應(yīng)頭向客戶端通知其選擇。

即使客戶端和服務(wù)器都支持相同的壓縮算法，如果身份值也可以接受，服務(wù)器可能會(huì)選擇不壓縮響應(yīng)的主體。兩種常見(jiàn)情況導(dǎo)致這種情況：

  • 要發(fā)送的數(shù)據(jù)已經(jīng)被壓縮，并且第二次壓縮不會(huì)導(dǎo)致傳輸更小的數(shù)據(jù)。這可能是一些圖像格式的情況;

  • 服務(wù)器過(guò)載并且無(wú)法承受由壓縮需求引起的計(jì)算開(kāi)銷。通常，如果服務(wù)器使用80％以上的計(jì)算能力，Microsoft 建議不要進(jìn)行壓縮。

只要該identity值（即沒(méi)有編碼）沒(méi)有被明確禁止，通過(guò)一個(gè)identity;q=0或一個(gè)*;q=0沒(méi)有明確設(shè)定的身份值，服務(wù)器就不能發(fā)回406 Not Acceptable錯(cuò)誤。

注：

  • IANA 注冊(cè)管理機(jī)構(gòu)保留官方內(nèi)容編碼的完整列表。

  • 另外兩個(gè)內(nèi)容編碼，bzip并且bzip2，有時(shí)使用，雖然不是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。他們實(shí)現(xiàn)這兩個(gè) UNIX 程序使用的算法。請(qǐng)注意，由于專利許可問(wèn)題，第一個(gè)中斷。

Header type

Request header

Forbidden header name

yes

糾錯(cuò)

語(yǔ)法

Accept-Encoding: gzip
Accept-Encoding: compress
Accept-Encoding: deflate
Accept-Encoding: br
Accept-Encoding: identity
Accept-Encoding: *// Multiple algorithms, weighted with the quality value syntax:Accept-Encoding: deflate, gzip;q=1.0, *;q=0.5

指令

gzip使用 Lempel-Ziv 編碼（ LZ77 ）的壓縮格式，帶有32位 CRC 。

compress使用 Lempel-Ziv-Welch（ LZW ）算法的壓縮格式。

deflate使用 zlib 結(jié)構(gòu)的壓縮格式，以及 deflate 壓縮算法。

br使用 Brotli 算法的壓縮格式。

identity指示身份功能（即不壓縮，也不修改）。即使不存在，該值始終被認(rèn)為是可以接受的。

*匹配尚未在標(biāo)題中列出的任何內(nèi)容編碼。如果標(biāo)題不存在，這是默認(rèn)值。這并不意味著支持任何算法; 只是表示沒(méi)有偏好。

;q=（ q 值加權(quán)）任何值都按照稱為權(quán)重的相對(duì)質(zhì)量值的優(yōu)先順序排列。

例子

Accept-Encoding: gzip

Accept-Encoding: gzip, compress, br

Accept-Encoding: br;q=1.0, gzip;q=0.8, *;q=0.1

規(guī)范

Specification

Title

RFC 7231, section 5.3.4: Accept-Encoding

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Semantics and Context

瀏覽器兼容性

Feature

Chrome

Edge

Firefox

Internet Explorer

Opera

Safari

Basic Support

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

Feature

Android

Chrome for Android

Edge mobile

Firefox for Android

IE mobile

Opera Android

iOS Safari

Basic Support

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

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