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Forwarded首標(biāo)包含來(lái)自被改變或丟失時(shí)代理參與請(qǐng)求的路徑代理服務(wù)器的面向客戶端的信息。

此標(biāo)頭的替代方案和事實(shí)上的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版本是X-Forwarded-For，X-Forwarded-Host與X-Forwarded-Proto的 header 。

此標(biāo)題用于調(diào)試，統(tǒng)計(jì)和生成依賴于位置的內(nèi)容，并且通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)它可以顯示隱私敏感信息，例如客戶端的 IP 地址。因此，在部署此標(biāo)頭時(shí)必須牢記用戶的隱私。

Header type

Request header

Forbidden header name

no

語(yǔ)法

Forwarded: by=<identifier>; for=<identifier>; host=<host>; proto=<http|https>

指令

<identifier> 一個(gè)標(biāo)識(shí)符，用于公開在使用代理時(shí)被更改或丟失的信息。這可以是：

  • 一個(gè) IP 地址（ v4 或 v6 ，可選地帶有一個(gè)端口，以及用方括號(hào)括起來(lái)的 ipv6 ），

  • 混淆的標(biāo)識(shí)符（如“_hidden”或“_secret”），

  • 或者當(dāng)前面的實(shí)體不知道時(shí)“未知”（并且您仍然想要表明轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)了該請(qǐng)求）。

by = <identifier> 請(qǐng)求進(jìn)入代理的接口 server.for = <identifier>啟動(dòng)請(qǐng)求的客戶端和代理鏈中的后續(xù)代理。host = <host> Host請(qǐng)求頭部字段由 proxy.proto = <HTTP | HTTPS>

指示用于發(fā)出請(qǐng)求的協(xié)議（通常為“http”或“https”）。

例子

使用Forwarded標(biāo)題

Forwarded: for="_mdn" # case insensitive
Forwarded: For="[2001:db8:cafe::17]:4711"# separated by semicolon
Forwarded: for=192.0.2.60; proto=http; by=203.0.113.43# multiple values can be appended using a comma
Forwarded: for=192.0.2.43, for=198.51.100.17

從X-Forwarded-For過(guò)渡到Forwarded

如果您的應(yīng)用程序，服務(wù)器或代理支持標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化Forwarded標(biāo)題，則X-Forwarded-For可以替換標(biāo)題。請(qǐng)注意，IPv6 地址被引用并放在Forwarded中的方括號(hào)中。

X-Forwarded-For: 123.34.567.89Forwarded: for=123.34.567.89X-Forwarded-For: 192.0.2.43, 2001:db8:cafe::17Forwarded: for=192.0.2.43, for="[2001:db8:cafe::17]"

規(guī)范

Specification

Title

RFC 7239, section 4: Forwarded

Forwarded HTTP Extension

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