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Guides Access control CORS Authentication Browser detection using the user agent Caching Caching FAQ Compression Conditional requests Connection management in HTTP 1.x Content negotiation Content negotiation: List of default Accept values Cookies CSP Messages Overview Protocol upgrade mechanism Proxy servers and tunneling Proxy servers and tunneling: Proxy Auto-Configuration (PAC) file Public Key Pinning Range requests Redirections Resources and specifications Resources and URIs Response codes Server-Side Access Control Session Guides: Basics Basics of HTTP Choosing between www and non-www URLs Data URIs Evolution of HTTP Identifying resources on the Web MIME Types MIME types: Complete list of MIME types CSP Content-Security-Policy Content-Security-Policy-Report-Only CSP: base-uri CSP: block-all-mixed-content CSP: child-src CSP: connect-src CSP: default-src CSP: font-src CSP: form-action CSP: frame-ancestors CSP: frame-src CSP: img-src CSP: manifest-src CSP: media-src CSP: object-src CSP: plugin-types CSP: referrer CSP: report-uri CSP: require-sri-for CSP: sandbox CSP: script-src CSP: style-src CSP: upgrade-insecure-requests CSP: worker-src Headers Accept Accept-Charset Accept-Encoding Accept-Language Accept-Ranges Access-Control-Allow-Credentials Access-Control-Allow-Headers Access-Control-Allow-Methods Access-Control-Allow-Origin Access-Control-Expose-Headers Access-Control-Max-Age Access-Control-Request-Headers Access-Control-Request-Method Age Allow Authorization Cache-Control Connection Content-Disposition Content-Encoding Content-Language Content-Length Content-Location Content-Range Content-Type Cookie Cookie2 Date DNT ETag Expect Expires Forwarded From Headers Host If-Match If-Modified-Since If-None-Match If-Range If-Unmodified-Since Keep-Alive Large-Allocation Last-Modified Location Origin Pragma Proxy-Authenticate Proxy-Authorization Public-Key-Pins Public-Key-Pins-Report-Only Range Referer Referrer-Policy Retry-After Server Set-Cookie Set-Cookie2 SourceMap Strict-Transport-Security TE Tk Trailer Transfer-Encoding Upgrade-Insecure-Requests User-Agent User-Agent: Firefox Vary Via Warning WWW-Authenticate X-Content-Type-Options X-DNS-Prefetch-Control X-Forwarded-For X-Forwarded-Host X-Forwarded-Proto X-Frame-Options X-XSS-Protection Methods CONNECT DELETE GET HEAD Methods OPTIONS PATCH POST PUT Status 100 Continue 101 Switching Protocols 200 OK 201 Created 202 Accepted 203 Non-Authoritative Information 204 No Content 205 Reset Content 206 Partial Content 300 Multiple Choices 301 Moved Permanently 302 Found 303 See Other 304 Not Modified 307 Temporary Redirect 308 Permanent Redirect 400 Bad Request 401 Unauthorized 403 Forbidden 404 Not Found 405 Method Not Allowed 406 Not Acceptable 407 Proxy Authentication Required 408 Request Timeout 409 Conflict 410 Gone 411 Length Required 412 Precondition Failed 413 Payload Too Large 414 URI Too Long 415 Unsupported Media Type 416 Range Not Satisfiable 417 Expectation Failed 426 Upgrade Required 428 Precondition Required 429 Too Many Requests 431 Request Header Fields Too Large 451 Unavailable For Legal Reasons 500 Internal Server Error 501 Not Implemented 502 Bad Gateway 503 Service Unavailable 504 Gateway Timeout 505 HTTP Version Not Supported 511 Network Authentication Required Status
characters

Transfer-Encoding頭指定用于將安全地傳輸編碼的形式的實體提供給用戶。

Transfer-Encoding是一種逐跳報頭，即應(yīng)用于兩個節(jié)點之間的消息，而不是資源本身。多節(jié)點連接的每個段可以使用不同的Transfer-Encoding值。如果要在整個連接上壓縮數(shù)據(jù)，請改為使用端到端標Content-Encoding頭。

當出現(xiàn)在對HEAD沒有主體的請求的響應(yīng)中時，它指示將應(yīng)用于相應(yīng)GET消息的值。

Header type

Response header

Forbidden header name

yes

句法

Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Transfer-Encoding: compress
Transfer-Encoding: deflate
Transfer-Encoding: gzip
Transfer-Encoding: identity// Several values can be listed, separated by a commaTransfer-Encoding: gzip, chunked

指令

chunked數(shù)據(jù)以一系列塊的形式發(fā)送。該Content-Length標題省略在這種情況下，并在每個需要添加十六進制格式的當前塊的長度，其次是塊“的開始\r\n”，然后是塊本身，緊接著又“ \r\n”。終止塊是一個常規(guī)塊，除長度為零外。其后是拖車，它由一個（可能是空的）實體標題字段序列組成。compress使用 Lempel-Ziv-Welch（LZW）算法的格式。值名取自實施此算法的 UNIX 壓縮程序。

與大多數(shù) UNIX 發(fā)行版已經(jīng)消失的壓縮程序一樣，目前幾乎沒有瀏覽器使用這種內(nèi)容編碼，部分原因是由于專利問題（已在2 003年過期）。deflate使用 deflate 壓縮算法（在RFC 1951中定義）使用zlib結(jié)構(gòu)（在RFC 1950中定義）。一種使用Lempel-Ziv編碼（LZ77）和32位 CRC  的格式。這最初是 UNIX gzip 程序的格式。為了兼容性的目的，HTTP / 1.1 標準還建議支持該內(nèi)容編碼的服務(wù)器應(yīng)該將其識別為別名。gzipx-gzipidentity指示身份功能（即不壓縮，也不修改）。除非明確指定，否則此標記始終被視為可接受。

例子

分塊編碼

當大量數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送到客戶端時，分塊編碼非常有用，并且在請求完全處理之前可能不知道響應(yīng)的總大小。例如，生成從數(shù)據(jù)庫查詢產(chǎn)生的大型 HTML 表格或傳輸大型圖像時。分塊的響應(yīng)如下所示：

HTTP/1.1 200 OK 
Content-Type: text/plain 
Transfer-Encoding: chunked7\r\n
Mozilla\r\n 
9\r\n
Developer\r\n7\r\n
Network\r\n0\r\n 
\r\n

產(chǎn)品規(guī)格

Specification

Title

RFC 7230, section 3.3.1: Transfer-Encoding

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Message Syntax and Routing

瀏覽器兼容性

Feature

Chrome

Edge

Firefox

Internet Explorer

Opera

Safari

Basic Support

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

Feature

Android

Chrome for Android

Edge mobile

Firefox for Android

IE mobile

Opera Android

iOS Safari

Basic Support

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

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