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vfscanf_s vfwprintf vfwprintf_s vfwscanf vfwscanf_s vprintf vprintf_s vscanf vscanf_s vsnprintf vsprintf vsscanf vsscanf_s vswprintf vswprintf_s vswscanf vswscanf_s vwprintf vwprintf_s vwscanf vwscanf_s wprintf wprintf_s wscanf wscanf_s Localization support lconv LC_ALL LC_COLLATE LC_CTYPE LC_MONETARY LC_NUMERIC LC_TIME localeconv Localization support setlocale Numerics abs acos acosf acosh acoshf acoshl acosl asin asinf asinh asinhf asinhl asinl atan atan2 atan2f atan2l atanf atanh atanhf atanhl atanl cabs cabsf cabsl cacos cacosf cacosh cacoshf cacoshl cacosl carg cargf cargl casin casinf casinh casinhf casinhl casinl catan catanf catanh catanhf catanhl catanl cbrt cbrtf cbrtl ccos ccosf ccosh ccoshf ccoshl ccosl ceil ceilf ceill cexp cexpf cexpl cimag cimagf cimagl clog clogf clogl CMPLX CMPLXF CMPLXL Common mathematical functions complex Complex number arithmetic conj conjf conjl copysign copysignf copysignl cos cosf cosh coshf coshl cosl cpow cpowf cpowl cproj cprojf cprojl creal crealf creall csin csinf csinh csinhf csinhl csinl csqrt csqrtf csqrtl ctan ctanf ctanh ctanhf ctanhl ctanl div double_t erf erfc erfcf erfcl erff erfl exp exp2 exp2f exp2l expf expl expm1 expm1f expm1l fabs fabsf fabsl fdim feclearexcept fegetenv fegetexceptflag fegetround feholdexcept feraiseexcept fesetenv fesetexceptflag fesetround fetestexcept feupdateenv FE_ALL_EXCEPT FE_DFL_ENV FE_DIVBYZERO FE_DOWNWARD FE_INEXACT FE_INVALID FE_OVERFLOW FE_TONEAREST FE_TOWARDZERO FE_UNDERFLOW FE_UPWARD Floating-point environment float_t floor floorf floorl fma fmaf fmal fmax fmaxf fmaxl fmin fminf fminl fmod fmodf fmodl fpclassify FP_INFINITE FP_NAN FP_NORMAL FP_SUBNORMAL FP_ZERO frexp frexpf frexpl HUGE_VAL HUGE_VALF HUGE_VALL hypot hypotf hypotl I ilogb ilogbf ilogbl imaginary imaxabs imaxdiv INFINITY isfinite isgreater isgreaterequal isinf isless islessequal islessgreater isnan isnormal isunordered labs ldexp ldexpf ldexpl ldiv lgamma lgammaf lgammal llabs lldiv llrint llrintf llrintl llround llroundf llroundl log log10 log10f log10l log1p log1pf log1pl log2 log2f log2l logb logbf logbl logf logl lrint lrintf lrintl lround lroundf lroundl MATH_ERREXCEPT math_errhandling MATH_ERRNO modf modff modfl nan NAN nanf nanl nearbyint nearbyintf nearbyintl nextafter nextafterf nextafterl nexttoward nexttowardf nexttowardl Numerics pow powf powl Pseudo-random number generation rand RAND_MAX remainder remainderf remainderl remquo remquof remquol rint rintf rintl round roundf roundl scalbln scalblnf scalblnl scalbn scalbnf scalbnl signbit sin sinf sinh sinhf sinhl sinl sqrt sqrtf sqrtl srand tan tanf tanh tanhf tanhl tanl tgamma tgammaf tgammal trunc truncf truncl Type-generic math _Complex_I _Imaginary_I Program support abort atexit at_quick_exit exit EXIT_FAILURE EXIT_SUCCESS getenv getenv_s jmp_buf longjmp Program support utilities quick_exit raise setjmp SIGABRT SIGFPE SIGILL SIGINT signal SIGSEGV SIGTERM sig_atomic_t SIG_DFL SIG_ERR SIG_IGN system _Exit Strings atof atoi atol atoll btowc c16rtomb c32rtomb char16_t char32_t isalnum isalpha isblank iscntrl isdigit isgraph islower isprint ispunct isspace isupper iswalnum iswalpha iswblank iswcntrl iswctype iswdigit iswgraph iswlower iswprint iswpunct iswspace iswupper iswxdigit isxdigit mblen mbrlen mbrtoc16 mbrtoc32 mbrtowc mbsinit mbsrtowcs mbsrtowcs_s mbstate_t mbstowcs mbstowcs_s mbtowc memchr memcmp memcpy memcpy_s memmove memmove_s memset memset_s Null-terminated byte strings Null-terminated multibyte strings Null-terminated wide strings strcat strcat_s strchr strcmp strcoll strcpy strcpy_s strcspn strerror strerrorlen_s strerror_s Strings library strlen strncat Thread support call_once cnd_broadcast cnd_destroy cnd_init cnd_signal cnd_timedwait cnd_wait mtx_destroy mtx_init mtx_lock mtx_plain mtx_recursive mtx_timed mtx_timedlock mtx_trylock mtx_unlock once_flag ONCE_FLAG_INIT thrd_busy thrd_create thrd_current thrd_detach thrd_equal thrd_error thrd_exit thrd_join thrd_nomem thrd_sleep thrd_success 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characters

在頭文件<wchar.h>中定義




(1)


int wscanf(const wchar_t * format,...);

(自C95以來)(直到C99)


int wscanf(const wchar_t * restrict format,...);

(自C99以來)



(2)


int fwscanf(FILE * stream,const wchar_t * format,...);

(自C95以來)(直到C99)


int fwscanf(FILE * restrict stream,const wchar_t * restrict format,...);

(自C99以來)



(3)


int swscanf(const wchar_t * buffer,const wchar_t * format,...);

(自C95以來)(直到C99)


int swscanf(const wchar_t * restrict buffer,const wchar_t * restrict format,...);

(自C99以來)


int wscanf_s(const wchar_t * restrict format,...);

(4)

(自C11以來)

int fwscanf_s(FILE * restrict stream,const wchar_t * restrict format,...);

(5)

(自C11以來)

int swscanf_s(const wchar_t * restrict s,const wchar_t * restrict format,...);

(6)

(自C11以來)

非數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)換為nan或。使用哪一個是實現(xiàn)定義的。nan(char_sequence)

該轉(zhuǎn)換F,E,G,A輸出INF,INFINITY,NAN來代替。

即使%c需要int參數(shù),通過char調(diào)用可變參數(shù)函數(shù)時發(fā)生的整數(shù)提升也是安全的。

對于固定寬度的字符類型(正確的轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)格int8_t<inttypes.h>還(雖然,等等)都在頭定義PRIdMAX,PRIuMAX等是同義詞%jd,%ju等)。

內(nèi)存寫入轉(zhuǎn)換說明符%n是安全漏洞的常見目標(biāo),其中格式字符串取決于用戶輸入,并且不受邊界檢查printf_s函數(shù)族的支持。

每個轉(zhuǎn)換說明符的操作之后都有一個序列點(diǎn); 這允許將多個%n結(jié)果存儲在相同的變量中,或者作為邊緣情況,%n在同一個調(diào)用中打印由較早修改的字符串。

如果轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)范無效,則行為未定義。

 ...   -   arguments specifying data to print

返回值

1,2)如果發(fā)生錯誤,則成功寫入寬字符數(shù)或?qū)懭胴?fù)值。

3)如果編碼錯誤發(fā)生或者如果要生成的字符數(shù)等于或大于size(包括當(dāng)size為零時),則寫入的寬字符的數(shù)目(不包括終止空寬字符)如果成功或負(fù)值。

4,5)如果發(fā)生錯誤,則成功寫入寬字符數(shù)或?qū)懭胴?fù)值。

6)寫入的寬字符數(shù)(不包括終止空值)buffer。返回編碼錯誤和溢出時的負(fù)值。對所有其他錯誤返回零。

7)將已經(jīng)寫入寬字符(不包括終止空)數(shù)量buffer已經(jīng)bufsz如果發(fā)生錯誤,已經(jīng)足夠大時,或為負(fù)值。(也就是說,只有當(dāng)回報是非負(fù)的且小于時,寫才能成功并且完成bufsz

注意

雖然窄字符串提供snprintf了可以確定所需的輸出緩沖區(qū)大小的可能性,但對于寬字符串沒有等效(直到C11的snwprintf_s),并且為了確定緩沖區(qū)大小,程序可能需要調(diào)用swprintf,檢查結(jié)果值,并重新分配一個更大的緩沖區(qū),再次嘗試直到成功。

snwprintf_s不同swprintf_s,將截斷結(jié)果以適應(yīng)指向的數(shù)組buffer,即使截斷被大多數(shù)邊界檢查函數(shù)視為錯誤。

N/A   N/A   char*

#include <locale.h>#include <wchar.h>
 int main(void){
    char narrow_str[] = "z\u00df\u6c34\U0001f34c";                    // or "z?水?"                    // or "\x7a\xc3\x9f\xe6\xb0\xb4\xf0\x9f\x8d\x8c";
    wchar_t warr[29]; // the expected string is 28 characters plus 1 null terminator    setlocale(LC_ALL, "en_US.utf8");    swprintf(warr, sizeof warr/sizeof *warr,
              L"Converted from UTF-8: '%s'", narrow_str);    wprintf(L"%ls\n", warr);}

N / AN / AN / AN / AN / A      s    匹配非空白字符序列(字符串)如果使用寬度說明符,則匹配寬度或直到第一個空白字符,以先出現(xiàn)者為準(zhǔn)。除了匹配的字符外,總是存儲一個空字符(所以參數(shù)數(shù)組必須至少有寬度+ 1個字符的空間)。

輸出:

 `d`   matches a **decimal integer**.  The format of the number is the same as expected by [`wcstol()`](../string/wide/wcstol) with the value `10` for the `base` argument.
Converted from UTF-8: 'z?水?'
`signed short*` or `unsigned short*`

參考

  • C11標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(ISO / IEC 9899:2011):

    • 7.29.2.1 fwprintf函數(shù)(p:403-410)

    • 7.29.2.3 swprintf函數(shù)(p:416)

    • 7.29.2.11 wprintf函數(shù)(p:421)

    • K.3.9.1.1 fwprintf_s函數(shù)(p:628)

    • K.3.9.1.4 swprintf_s函數(shù)(p:630-631)

    • K.3.9.1.13 wprintf_s函數(shù)(p:637-638)

  • C99標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(ISO / IEC 9899:1999):

    • 7.24.2.1 fwprintf函數(shù)(p:349-356)

    • 7.24.2.3 swprintf函數(shù)(p:362)

    • 7.24.2.11 wprintf函數(shù)(p:366)

`signed long long*` or `unsigned long long*`
[`intmax_t`](../types/integer)`*` or [`uintmax_t`](../types/integer)`*`

size_t*

ptrdiff_t*

N / A      i   匹配整數(shù)。數(shù)的格式是相同的通過按預(yù)期wcstol()與值0base參數(shù)(基部由解析的第一字符確定)。

 `u`   matches an unsigned **decimal integer**.  The format of the number is the same as expected by [`wcstoul()`](../string/wide/wcstoul) with the value `10` for the `base` argument.
 `o`   matches an unsigned **octal integer**.  The format of the number is the same as expected by [`wcstoul()`](../string/wide/wcstoul) with the value `8` for the `base` argument.
 `x`, `X`   matches an unsigned **hexadecimal integer**.  The format of the number is the same as expected by [`wcstoul()`](../string/wide/wcstoul) with the value `16` for the `base` argument.
 `n`   returns the **number of characters read so far**.  No input is consumed. Does not increment the assignment count. If the specifier has assignment-suppressing operator defined, the behavior is undefined.
 `a`, `A`(C99)

e, E

f, F

g,G   匹配一個浮點(diǎn)數(shù)。數(shù)字的格式與預(yù)期的相同wcstof()。

N/A   N/A   float*

double*

N/A   N/A   N/A   N/A   long double*

 `p`   matches implementation defined character sequence defining a **pointer**.  `printf` family of functions should produce the same sequence using `%p` format specifier.

N/A   N/A   void**

n不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用于任何指定字段寬度的最長輸入字符序列的   每個轉(zhuǎn)換說明符,或者正是轉(zhuǎn)換說明符所期望的或者是它期望的順序是從流中消耗的。在消耗序列之后的第一個字符(如果有的話)仍然未讀。如果消耗的序列長度為零或消費(fèi)的序列不能如上所述進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換,則會發(fā)生匹配失敗,除非文件結(jié)束,編碼錯誤或讀取錯誤阻止了來自流的輸入,在這種情況下,它是輸入失敗。

在嘗試解析輸入之前,除了[,,之外的所有轉(zhuǎn)換說明符都會消耗并放棄所有前導(dǎo)空白字符(如同通過調(diào)用一樣確定)。這些消耗的字符不會計入指定的最大字段寬度。cniswspace

如果l未使用長度說明符,則轉(zhuǎn)換說明符c,s[執(zhí)行寬到多字節(jié)字符轉(zhuǎn)換,就像通過在第一個字符轉(zhuǎn)換之前使用初始化為零wcrtomb()mbstate_t對象調(diào)用一樣。

除了匹配的字符之外,轉(zhuǎn)換說明符s[始終存儲空終止符。目標(biāo)數(shù)組的大小必須至少比指定的字段寬度大1。在不指定目標(biāo)數(shù)組大小的情況下,使用%s%[不安全gets。

對于固定寬度的整數(shù)類型(正確的轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)格int8_t<inttypes.h>還(雖然,等等)都在頭定義SCNdMAX,SCNuMAX等是同義詞%jd,%ju等)。

每個轉(zhuǎn)換說明符的操作之后都有一個序列點(diǎn); 這允許將多個字段存儲在相同的“匯”變量中。

在解析指數(shù)中不包含數(shù)字的不完整浮點(diǎn)值時(例如"100er"使用轉(zhuǎn)換說明符進(jìn)行解析),會消耗%f序列"100e"(可能有效的浮點(diǎn)數(shù)的最長前綴),從而導(dǎo)致匹配錯誤(消耗的序列不能轉(zhuǎn)換為浮點(diǎn)數(shù)),"r"剩余的。現(xiàn)有的實現(xiàn)不遵循此規(guī)則并僅回滾消耗"100",只留下"er"例如glibc錯誤1765。

 ...   -   receiving arguments

返回值

1-3)成功分配的接收參數(shù)數(shù)目,或者EOF在分配第一個接收參數(shù)前發(fā)生讀取失敗。

4-6)與(1-3)相同,但是EOF如果存在運(yùn)行時約束沖突,也會返回。

參考

  • C11標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(ISO / IEC 9899:2011):

    • 7.29.2.2 fwscanf功能(p:410-416)

    • 7.29.2.4 swscanf函數(shù)(p:417)

    • 7.29.2.12 wscanf函數(shù)(p:421)

    • K.3.9.1.2 fwscanf_s函數(shù)(p:628-629)

    • K.3.9.1.5 swscanf_s函數(shù)(p:631)

    • K.3.9.1.14 wscanf_s函數(shù)(p:638)

  • C99標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(ISO / IEC 9899:1999):

    • 7.24.2.2 fwscanf函數(shù)(p:356-362)

    • 7.24.2.4 swscanf函數(shù)(p:362)

    • 7.24.2.12 wscanf函數(shù)(p:366-367)

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