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本節(jié)中的信息涵蓋了用戶定義網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的容器的嵌入式 DNS 服務(wù)器操作。與連接到default bridge網(wǎng)絡(luò)的容器相比,連接到用戶定義網(wǎng)絡(luò)的容器的 DNS 查找工作方式不同。

注意:為了保持向后兼容性,default bridge網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的 DNS 配置將保留,而不會(huì)改變行為。有關(guān)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中 DNS 配置的更多信息,請參閱默認(rèn)default bridge網(wǎng)橋中的 DNS 布局 。

從Docker 1.10開始,docker 守護(hù)進(jìn)程實(shí)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)嵌入式 dns 服務(wù)器,它為使用有效的 dns 創(chuàng)建的任何容器提供內(nèi)建服務(wù)發(fā)現(xiàn)。namenet-alias或別名為link有關(guān) Docker 如何管理容器內(nèi)的 DNS 配置的詳細(xì)信息,可以從一個(gè) Docke r版本更改為下一個(gè)版本。因此,您不應(yīng)該假設(shè)文件的方式,例如/etc/hosts,/etc/resolv.conf在容器中進(jìn)行管理,并將文件保持在單獨(dú)的位置,然后使用以 下Docker 選項(xiàng)。

影響容器域名服務(wù)的各種容器選項(xiàng)。

--name = CONTAINER-NAME

使用--name 配置的容器名稱用于發(fā)現(xiàn)用戶定義的泊塢網(wǎng)內(nèi)的容器。嵌入式 DNS 服務(wù)器維護(hù)容器名稱和其IP地址(在容器連接的網(wǎng)絡(luò)上)之間的映射。

--network-alias=ALIAS

除了上面描述的名稱之外,容器還可以通過其中一個(gè)或多個(gè)配置的網(wǎng)絡(luò)別名(或 docker 網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接命令中的--alias)在用戶定義的網(wǎng)絡(luò)中發(fā)現(xiàn)。嵌入式 DNS 服務(wù)器維護(hù)所有容器別名與其在特定用戶定義網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的 IP 地址之間的映射。通過在 docker network connect 命令中使用--alias 選項(xiàng),容器可以在不同網(wǎng)絡(luò)中具有不同的別名。

--link = CONTAINER_NAME:ALIAS

在運(yùn)行容器時(shí)使用此選項(xiàng)可為嵌入式 DNS 添加一個(gè)名為 ALIAS 的額外條目,該條目指向由 CONTAINER_NAME 標(biāo)識(shí)的容器的 IP 地址。當(dāng)使用 - 鏈接嵌入式 DNS 時(shí),將保證僅在使用--link 的容器上進(jìn)行本地化查找結(jié)果。這使得新容器內(nèi)的進(jìn)程可以連接到容器,而無需知道其名稱或 IP。

--dns = IP_ADDRESS ...

如果嵌入式 DNS 服務(wù)器無法解析來自容器的名稱解析請求,則通過--dns 選項(xiàng)傳遞的 IP 地址將被嵌入式 DNS 服務(wù)器用于轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)DNS查詢。這些--dns IP 地址由嵌入式DNS服務(wù)器管理,并且不會(huì)在容器的/etc/resolv.conf 文件中更新。

--dns-search=DOMAIN...

設(shè)置在容器內(nèi)部使用裸露的不合格主機(jī)名時(shí)搜索的域名。這些--dns-search 選項(xiàng)由嵌入式 DN S服務(wù)器管理,不會(huì)在容器的/etc/resolv.conf 文件中更新。例如,當(dāng)容器進(jìn)程嘗試訪問主機(jī)并設(shè)置搜索域 example.com 時(shí),DNS 邏輯不僅會(huì)查找主機(jī),還會(huì)查找 host.example.com。

--dns-opt=OPTION...

設(shè)置 DNS 解析器使用的選項(xiàng)。這些選項(xiàng)由嵌入式 DNS 服務(wù)器管理,不會(huì)在容器的/etc/resolv.conf文件中更新。有關(guān)有效選項(xiàng)的列表,請參閱 resolv.conf 的文檔。

在不存在的--dns=IP_ADDRESS...,--dns-search=DOMAIN...--dns-opt=OPTION...選擇,Docker 使用/etc/resolv.conf主機(jī)(其中的docker守護(hù)進(jìn)程(daemon)中運(yùn)行)。這樣做時(shí),守護(hù)進(jìn)程(daemon)會(huì)從主機(jī)的原始文件中過濾掉所有本地主機(jī) IP 地址條目nameserver。

過濾是必要的,因?yàn)橹鳈C(jī)上的所有本地主機(jī)地址都無法從容器的網(wǎng)絡(luò)訪問。在過濾之后,如果容器的/etc/resolv.conf文件中沒有剩余nameserver條目,守護(hù)進(jìn)程(daemon)將公共 Google DNS 名稱服務(wù)器(8.8.8.8和8.8.4.4)添加到容器的 DNS 配置中。如果守護(hù)程序啟用了 IPv6,則還將添加公共 IPv6 Google DNS 名稱服務(wù)器(2001:4860:4860 :: 8888和2001:4860:4860 :: 8844)。

注意:如果您需要訪問主機(jī)的本地主機(jī)解析程序,則必須修改主機(jī)上的 DNS 服務(wù)以偵聽可從容器內(nèi)訪問的非本地主機(jī)地址。注意:DNS 服務(wù)器始終處于127.0.0.11

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