How to Create and Manage LVM (Logical Volume Management) in Linux
LVMinLinuxallowsflexiblestoragemanagementbyabstractingphysicaldisksintologicalvolumes.2.ThecorecomponentsarePhysicalVolumes(PVs),VolumeGroups(VGs),andLogicalVolumes(LVs),formingalayeredstructure.3.TosetupLVM,firstinitializedisksasPVsusingpvcreate,the
Jul 25, 2025 am 02:08 AM
Optimizing a PostgreSQL Database on a Linux Server
TunekeyPostgreSQLsettingslikeshared_buffers(25%ofRAM),effective_cache_size(50–75%ofRAM),work_mem(startat16MB),maintenance_work_mem(e.g.,1GB),wal_buffers(16MB),max_wal_size(2GB),checkpoint_completion_target(0.9),andrandom_page_cost(1.1forSSDs),thenrel
Jul 25, 2025 am 01:56 AM
The Evolution of Package Management in Linux
Linuxpackagemanagementevolvedfrommanualcompilationtoautomated,universalsystems:1)Earlytarballsrequiredmanual./configure,make,makeinstallwithnodependencytracking.2)First-genRPMandDEBpackagesstandardizedinstallationbutlackedautomaticdependencyresolutio
Jul 25, 2025 am 01:24 AM
Managing Secrets Securely on a Linux Server with Vault
InstallVaultbydownloadingandmovingthebinaryto/usr/local/bin,thenverifywithvault--version.2.CreateaconfigurationfilewithafilebackendandTCPlisteneron127.0.0.1:8200withTLSdisabledfortesting.3.InitializeVaultusingvaultoperatorinit,securelystoretheunsealk
Jul 25, 2025 am 01:21 AM
How to use sed to find and replace a string in a file?
The basic syntax of using sed to replace strings in a file is sed's/old string/new string/'file name, and this command only replaces the content that appears for the first time in each line; 2. Adding the g flag can achieve global replacement, the format is sed's/old string/new string/g' file name; 3. When the replacement content contains slashes, other symbols such as # can be used as delimiters, such as sed's#/path/to/old#/new/path#g'file.txt; 4. Through the -e parameter, multiple replacement operations can be performed in batches, such as sed-e's/foo/bar/'-e's/baz/qux/'file.txt; If you need to directly modify the original file, use -i and macOS on Linux.
Jul 25, 2025 am 01:05 AM
How to set up a Samba Share on a Linux Server
Install Samba: Use sudoaptupdate and sudoaptinstallsamba-common-bin on Ubuntu/Debian, and use sudodnfininstallsamba on CentOS/RHEL; 2. Create a shared directory: Use sudomkdir-p/srv/samba/shared and set permissions chmod-R0775 and owner chown-Rnobody:nogroup; 3. Configure smb.conf: Add a shared configuration at the end of /etc/samba/smb.conf file, including paths, browsing, writable, and guest rights
Jul 25, 2025 am 12:45 AM
Setting Up a Development Environment for Python on Linux
First install Python and necessary tools, use sudoaptinstallpython3python3-pippython3-venvpython3-dev (Debian/Ubuntu), sudodnfininstallpython3python3-venvpython3-devel (Fedora/RHEL) or sudopacman-Spythonpython-pip (ArchLinux); 1. Check the version through python3-version and use python3-mensurepip-upg
Jul 25, 2025 am 12:34 AM
what is a linux distribution
The Linux distribution is a complete operating system based on the Linux kernel and integrates various software, tools and interfaces. It not only contains the kernel, but also integrates components such as command line tools, graphical interfaces, package managers, etc., such as Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian, ArchLinux, CentOS, etc. Distribution types include: 1. Ubuntu and LinuxMint for desktop users; 2. CentOS and Debian for servers; 3. ArchLinux and Manjaro for scrolling updates; 4. Lightweight Lubuntu and Xubuntu. When choosing, it should be determined based on the purpose and technical level: novices recommend Ubuntu or Linux
Jul 25, 2025 am 12:11 AM
How to check for network connectivity issues from the server?
Server network connection problems need to be investigated from four aspects: local interface, connectivity, DNS resolution, and firewall. 1. Check whether the network card status is up and whether there are error packets. The cloud server also needs to check the virtual network card and security group; 2. Use ping and traceroute to test connectivity and pay attention to the ICMP blocking situation; 3. Use nslookup or dig to confirm that the DNS resolution is normal, and replace the DNS server if necessary; 4. Check the system firewall rules and port monitoring status, and the cloud server should also check the platform security group settings.
Jul 25, 2025 am 12:02 AM
How to Install and Configure a Linux Web Server (LAMP Stack)
Update the system: Run sudoaptupdate&&sudoaptupgrade-y to ensure the latest environment; 2. Install Apache: Use sudoaptinstallapache2-y and enable the service, and the browser can access the server IP to see the default page; 3. Install MySQL: execute sudoaptinstallmysql-server-y and run sudomysql_secure_installation to enhance security; 4. Install PHP: Use sudoaptinstallphplibapache2-mod-phpphp-mysql-y and create in
Jul 24, 2025 am 03:21 AM
how to list files in linux
The most common method to list files in Linux is to use the ls command; 1. Enter ls to view the basic file list in the current directory, and the hidden files are not displayed by default; 2. Use ls-l to display detailed information, including permissions, size, modification time, user, etc.; 3. Use ls-a or ls-la to display hidden files and detailed information; 4. Use ls-lhS or ls-lht to sort by size or modification time, and display in a readable format; 5. Use ls-d*/ to display the directory, ls-F is displayed by type, and ls-R recursively lists the subdirectory contents.
Jul 24, 2025 am 02:56 AM
how to change file permissions in linux
Linux file permissions control who can read, write or execute files, and are managed through chmod and chown commands. 1. File permissions are divided into owner, group and other users. Each type of user has three permissions: read (r), write (w), and execute (x); 2. Use chmod to modify permissions through symbolic mode (such as chmodul xfile) or digital mode (such as chmod644file); 3. Use chown to change the owner and group of the file (such as chownuser:groupfile), which requires administrator permission; 4. In terms of security, chmod777 should be avoided. It is recommended to allocate permissions reasonably and modify directory permissions recursively using the -R parameter.
Jul 24, 2025 am 02:53 AM
Migrating from Windows to a Linux Desktop Environment
Choose Ubuntu, LinuxMint or ZorinOS and try it out first with LiveUSB; 2. Replace .exe with package managers such as apt, which is safer and more convenient; 3. Adapt to a single file tree structure, /home/yourname is the user directory; 4. Use LibreOffice, GIMP and other alternatives, and run Windows software with Wine or virtual machines if necessary; 5. Start learning the terminal from simple commands, don’t be afraid, and the GUI tools are still complete - press these five steps, and you can adapt to the Linux desktop in 2-4 weeks, and your control and privacy protection are greatly improved. Migration is not to give up on Windows but to upgrade the experience.
Jul 24, 2025 am 02:50 AM
Using Ansible to Automate Linux Server Configuration
Install Ansible and verify the version to ensure that the target server has SSH access and Python; 2. Create an inventory.ini file to define server groupings; 3. Write a YAML playbook automation configuration such as installing Apache, starting services and deploying pages; 4. Follow best practices to improve maintainability using becomes, variables, dry-run tests and roles, and use playbook to force security policies such as disabling root login - from then on to achieve consistent, reusable, and version-controllable server management.
Jul 24, 2025 am 02:47 AM
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