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標(biāo)簽是一種將元數(shù)據(jù)應(yīng)用于 Docker 對(duì)象的機(jī)制,包括:

  • 圖片

  • 集裝箱

  • 本地守護(hù)進(jìn)程

  • 網(wǎng)絡(luò)

  • Swarm節(jié)點(diǎn)

  • 群體服務(wù)

您可以使用標(biāo)簽來(lái)組織圖像,記錄許可信息,注釋容器、卷和網(wǎng)絡(luò)之間的關(guān)系,或以任何對(duì)您的業(yè)務(wù)或應(yīng)用程序有意義的方式進(jìn)行注釋。

標(biāo)簽鍵和值

標(biāo)簽是一個(gè)鍵值對(duì),以字符串形式存儲(chǔ)。您可以為對(duì)象指定多個(gè)標(biāo)簽,但每個(gè)鍵值對(duì)在對(duì)象中必須是唯一的。如果同一個(gè)鍵有多個(gè)值,則最近寫(xiě)入的值會(huì)覆蓋所有以前的值。

重要格式建議

標(biāo)簽鍵值對(duì)的左側(cè)。密鑰是可能包含句點(diǎn)(.)和連字符(-)的字母數(shù)字字符串。大多數(shù) Docker 用戶使用由其他組織創(chuàng)建的圖像,并且以下指導(dǎo)原則有助于防止跨對(duì)象無(wú)意間重復(fù)標(biāo)簽,特別是如果您打算將標(biāo)簽用作自動(dòng)化機(jī)制。

  • 第三方工具的作者應(yīng)該為每個(gè)標(biāo)簽關(guān)鍵字加上他們擁有的域的反向DNS標(biāo)記,例如com.example.some-label

  • 未經(jīng)域所有者的許可,請(qǐng)勿在標(biāo)簽密鑰中使用域名。

  • 這些com.docker.*,io.docker.*org.dockerproject.*名稱空間由Docker保留供內(nèi)部使用。

  • 標(biāo)簽鍵應(yīng)以小寫(xiě)字母開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾,并且只能包含小寫(xiě)字母數(shù)字字符,句點(diǎn)字符(.)和連字符(-)。不允許連續(xù)的句點(diǎn)或連字符。

  • 句號(hào) (.)分隔命名空間“fields”。沒(méi)有命名空間的標(biāo)簽密鑰被保留用于 CLI 使用,允許 CLI 的用戶使用更短的鍵入友好字符串交互地標(biāo)記 Docker 對(duì)象。

這些準(zhǔn)則目前尚未實(shí)施,其他準(zhǔn)則可能適用于特定用例。

價(jià)值準(zhǔn)則

標(biāo)簽值可以包含任何可以表示為字符串的數(shù)據(jù)類(lèi)型,包括(但不限于)JSON,XML,CSV 或 YAML。唯一的要求是,首先使用特定于結(jié)構(gòu)類(lèi)型的機(jī)制將該值序列化為字符串。例如,要將 JSON序 列化為字符串,您可以使用JSON.stringify()JavaScript 方法。

由于 Docker 并未反序列化該值,因此在按標(biāo)簽值查詢或過(guò)濾時(shí),不能將 JSON 或 XML 文檔視為嵌套結(jié)構(gòu),除非您將此功能構(gòu)建到第三方工具中。

管理對(duì)象上的標(biāo)簽

支持標(biāo)簽的每種類(lèi)型的對(duì)象都具有添加和管理它們的機(jī)制,并在與該類(lèi)型對(duì)象相關(guān)時(shí)使用它們。這些鏈接提供了一個(gè)開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)如何在 Docker 部署中使用標(biāo)簽的好地方。

圖像、容器、本地守護(hù)程序、卷和網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的標(biāo)簽在對(duì)象的生命周期內(nèi)是靜態(tài)的。要更改這些標(biāo)簽,您必須重新創(chuàng)建該對(duì)象。swarm 節(jié)點(diǎn)和服務(wù)上的標(biāo)簽可以動(dòng)態(tài)更新。

  • 圖像和容器

    • 為圖像添加標(biāo)簽

    • 運(yùn)行時(shí)覆蓋容器的標(biāo)簽

    • 檢查圖像或容器上的標(biāo)簽

    • 按標(biāo)簽過(guò)濾圖像

    • 按標(biāo)簽過(guò)濾容器

  • 本地 Docker 守護(hù)進(jìn)程 (daemon)

    • 在運(yùn)行時(shí)向 Docker 守護(hù)進(jìn)程添加標(biāo)簽

    • 檢查 Docker 守護(hù)進(jìn)程的標(biāo)簽

    • 為卷添加標(biāo)簽

    • 檢查卷的標(biāo)簽

    • 按標(biāo)簽過(guò)濾卷

  • 網(wǎng)絡(luò)

    • 向網(wǎng)絡(luò)添加標(biāo)簽

    • 檢查網(wǎng)絡(luò)標(biāo)簽

    • 按標(biāo)簽過(guò)濾網(wǎng)絡(luò)

  • Swarm 節(jié)點(diǎn)

    • 添加或更新群集節(jié)點(diǎn)的標(biāo)簽

    • 檢查群集節(jié)點(diǎn)的標(biāo)簽

    • 通過(guò)標(biāo)簽過(guò)濾 swarm 節(jié)點(diǎn)

  • 群體服務(wù)

    • 創(chuàng)建群集服務(wù)時(shí)添加標(biāo)簽

    • 更新 swarm 服務(wù)的標(biāo)簽

    • 檢查群集服務(wù)的標(biāo)簽

    • 通過(guò)標(biāo)簽過(guò)濾群集服務(wù)

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