


How do I use ARIA properties to provide additional information about an element?
Jun 21, 2025 am 12:53 AMUse ARIA attributes to improve web accessibility. The clear answer is as follows: First, use aria-label to add short tags to textless elements; second, use aria-describedby to associate complex controls and detailed descriptions; then use aria-labeledby to associate elements with visible tags; finally use aria-required to mark required form items. Specifically, when the button has only icons, aria-label provides clear functional descriptions; for input boxes that require additional explanation, aria-describedby points to the element containing the description; if there is a visible label on the page, aria-labeledby binds it to the corresponding control; while aria-required ensures that the screen reader user is aware of the required items, but needs to be used with visual prompts. Applying these ARIA attributes correctly can significantly improve the inclusive experience of the web page.
When you want to make a web page more accessible, especially for screen reader users, ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) properties can help fill in the gaps. They allow you to add extra context or meaning to HTML elements that might otherwise be unclear or insufficient.
Here are some practical ways to use ARIA attributes effectively:
Use aria-label
to describe an element's purpose
Sometimes an element doesn't have visible text that clearly explains what it does — like a button with just an icon. In those cases, aria-label
gives you a way to provide a short, descriptive label that screen readers will announce.
For example:
<button aria-label="Close modal window">×</button>
This tells assistive technologies that the button is for closing a modal window, even though the only visible content is the "×" symbol.
Pro tip: Don't overdo it. Only use
aria-label
when the element's function isn't clear from its visible text or image.
Explain complex widgets with aria-describedby
If an element needs more explanation than a simple label can provide, aria-describedby
points to an element that contains a longer description. This works well for form fields, custom controls, or interactive components.
Example:
<input type="text" aria-describedby="password-help"> <div id="password-help">Your password must be at least 8 characters long and include one number.</div>
In this case, a screen reader would read the input field normally and then announce the additional help text after it.
- The target of
aria-describedby
should be visible on the page. - It can point to more than one element by listing multiple IDs separated by spaces.
- Make sure the description adds value and isn't redundant.
Provide context with aria-labelledby
Similar to aria-label
, aria-labelledby
links an element to existing visible text that describes it. This is useful when there's already a visible label or heading neary that makes sense as a name for the element.
Example:
<div id="search-label">Search our site</div> <input type="text" aria-labeledby="search-label">
This ties the input field directly to the label above it. Screen readers will tr??eat the linked text as the name of the input.
Note: Unlike
aria-label
,aria-labelledby
doesn't replace the need for a visible label — it just connects them programmatically.
Mark required fields with aria-required
If a form field is mandatory, using aria-required="true"
helps communicate that to screen reader users. While you might also show an asterisk or “required” text visually, this attribute ensures the information is conveyed consistently across all user experiences.
Example:
<label for="username">Username *</label> <input type="text" id="username" aria-required="true">
Just keep in mind:
-
aria-required
doesn't enforce validation — it's only for accessibility. - Always pair it with visual indicators so everyone knows the field is required.
ARIA is powerful, but it's meant to supplement HTML, not replace it. Use these attributes thoughtfully to enhance accessibility without duplicating or contradicting what's already on the page. When used correctly, they can make your interface much more inclusive.
Basically that's it.
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