What is the difference between web.php and api.php in Laravel routes?
In Laravel, web.php is used to handle traditional webpage routing that requires sessions and return views, while api.php is used to handle stateless API requests. 1.web.php is aimed at browser interaction, returns HTML page, and depends on sessions, CSRF protection and cookies; api.php is aimed at API requests, uses token authentication, and does not rely on sessions. 2.web.php applies web middleware group, including session management, CSRF protection, etc.; api.php applies api middleware group, including current limiting, JSON parsing, etc. 3. If the routes in web.php involve session or closure reference session data, they cannot be cached; api.php routes are easier to cache because they are stateless. 4.
Jul 18, 2025 am 03:41 AM
What are model factories in Laravel?
Modelfactories are used in Laravel to quickly generate test data to improve development efficiency and test quality. It defines model data generation rules, allowing developers to quickly create test data that meets their needs. The steps to use include: 1. Generate the factory class through the Artisan command; 2. Define the field value in the definition() method; 3. Call factory to create data in the test or seeder; 4. Optionally define the state to temporarily modify the field value. Its advantages are to reduce duplicate code, generate real data, facilitate test boundary conditions, facilitate maintenance, and are suitable for unit testing, database filling, demonstration environment and debugging functions.
Jul 18, 2025 am 03:39 AM
Explain Laravel's exception handling.
Laravel's exception handling is managed uniformly through the App\Exceptions\Handler class. 1.Handler class is the core, including report() to record exceptions and render() to return responses; 2. You can customize the API error format in render(); 3. Use renderable and reportable methods to quickly handle specific exceptions; 4. Combining Monolog and third-party services to realize logging and exception reporting.
Jul 18, 2025 am 03:37 AM
What is Laravel Passport and when to use it?
LaravelPassport should be used when building APIs that require access to third-party clients. It transforms Laravel applications into a complete OAuth2 server, supporting multiple authorization types, token management and fine-grained access control. Specific application situations include: ?Building a public API; ?Fine permission control based on OAuth2; ?Requires support for multiple authorization types; ?Building an ecosystem around applications. It is not recommended for use in scenarios where simple SPA or mobile terminals, no third-party access requirements, or requires lightweight and fast solutions. Practical suggestions: Run the installation command, select the appropriate authorization type, always use scope, and not expose the client key in the public client.
Jul 18, 2025 am 03:37 AM
Laravel route not defined error explanation and fix
The main reason for the "Routenotdefined" error is that an undefined named route is called. 1. Check whether the route name is incorrectly spelled or inconsistent, such as calling user.profile but defining UserProfile; 2. Use phpartisanroute:list to view all registered routes and their names; 3. Confirm whether the route file is loaded correctly, such as whether it is written in routes/web.php; 4. Clear the route cache and run phpartisanroute:clear; 5. Check whether the route is restricted by middleware, such as auth middleware, which causes inaccessibility; 6. In Blade mode
Jul 18, 2025 am 03:24 AM
How to create a middleware in Laravel?
The steps to create middleware in Laravel include: 1. Use the Artisan command to generate middleware and write processing logic; 2. Register middleware through global, routing grouping or separate binding; 3. If you need to pass parameters, you can specify them in the route and receive them in the handle method; 4. The middleware is executed in the order of registration, and you need to pay attention to the order. For example, after running phpartisanmake:middlewareCheckAge to create middleware, you can write judgment logic in the handle method, and then select the registration method according to the usage scenario. If parameters are required, they will be received through the third or above parameters. The execution order of the middleware follows the "Onion Model" to ensure that the logic flows correctly.
Jul 18, 2025 am 03:23 AM
Explain Laravel Signed URLs.
Laravel's SignedURLs are signed URLs that generate links with timeliness and verification mechanisms to ensure that the links are not tampered with. It generates a signature based on routing parameters and APP_KEY. If the parameters are modified, the signature will be invalid. Use URL::signedRoute() to create permanent valid links; use URL::temporarySignedRoute() to create limited-time links; in the controller, you can verify signatures through the validSignature() method or the middleware ValidateSignature; Common application scenarios include email verification, one-time download link, invitation link and API interface access control; precautions include signatures
Jul 18, 2025 am 02:49 AM
How to implement login with Google in Laravel?
TosetupGooglelogininLaravelusingSocialite,firstcreateGoogleOAuthcredentialsintheCloudConsolewiththecorrectredirectURI,theninstallandconfigureLaravelSocialite.1.GotoGoogleCloudConsole,createaproject,andgenerateOAuthclientIDandsecretwithredirectURIlike
Jul 18, 2025 am 02:43 AM
Scheduling Tasks with Laravel Scheduler.
LaravelScheduler allows developers to define timing tasks through code without manually configuring Cron entries, improving efficiency and facilitating maintenance. You can define tasks in the schedule method of the Kernel.php file, such as setting the execution frequency using daily(), hourly(), or cron(). It is recommended to encapsulate complex logic into Artisan commands and use withoutOverlapping() to prevent concurrent execution. During debugging, you can use sendOutputTo() or emailOutputTo() to output logs. During deployment, ensure that only one scheduler process runs and avoid duplicate tasks. phpartisans available during testing
Jul 18, 2025 am 02:42 AM
How to use caching in Laravel?
Using cache in Laravel is to reduce database queries and improve application performance. Laravel provides a variety of cache drivers, such as file, database, redis, and memcached, which can be configured through .env files and is specified by CACHE_DRIVER by default. 1. Configure cache driver: file is suitable for small projects, database supports persistence, redis/memcached is suitable for high concurrency environments. When using Redis, you need to install predis/predis and set CACHE_DRIVER=redis. 2. Use CacheFacade: Common methods include put, get, remember,
Jul 18, 2025 am 02:02 AM
How to nest resource routes in Laravel?
Nested routes are used in Laravel to express the subordinate relationship between resources, such as the comments under the article; use Route::resource('posts.comments',CommentController::class) to create nested routes to generate URLs similar to /posts/{post}/comments/{comment}; the controller method needs to receive parent parameters such as publicfunctionshow(Post$post,Comment$comment); when generating links, the parameter order should be preceded by parent such as route('posts.comments.show',[$po
Jul 18, 2025 am 01:58 AM
Using the `resource` route in Laravel.
Laravel's resource routing automatically generates the corresponding routes for seven CRUD operations through a line of code. When you use Route::resource('photos',PhotoController::class);, Laravel will create seven routes: index, create, store, show, edit, update and destroy, respectively, corresponding to the methods in the controller, and generate URIs based on the resource name. You can also use only or except methods to specify the generated route, such as only retaining index and show, or excluding create and store; you can also use the parameters method to further
Jul 18, 2025 am 01:57 AM
How to protect API routes with Laravel Passport?
To protect LaravelAPI routing, you need to correctly configure Passport authentication middleware, issue access tokens, and implement permission control. 1. Install LaravelPassport and run phpartisanpassport:install to generate the key; 2. Use auth:api middleware to verify the BearerToken in the route; 3. Create a login interface to obtain the token through PasswordGrant; 4. Carry the token in the Authorization header when requesting the front-end; 5. Use scope to implement fine-grained permission control, specify permissions when creating the token and check the token permissions in the route; 6. Pay attention to it
Jul 18, 2025 am 01:53 AM
How to define and use View Composers in Laravel.
ViewComposers is a mechanism in Laravel for injecting data before view rendering, reducing controller burden and keeping code tidy. 1. It is a callback or class method that is automatically executed when the view is loaded; 2. It is usually registered in App\Providers\ViewServiceProvider; 3. Pass data to the view through $view->with(); 4. Suitable for processing shared data such as navigation bar, user information, etc.; 5. When using it, you should avoid complex logic and excessive database queries, and organize the structure reasonably.
Jul 18, 2025 am 01:40 AM
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