Define the .proto file to clarify the service interface and message type; 2. Install the protoc compiler and Go plug-in to generate code; 3. Use the protoc command to generate Go's gRPC client and server code; 4. Write the gRPC server logic that implements the service interface; 5. Write the gRPC client that connects the server and calls the method; 6. Run the server and the client respectively to verify that the communication is successful, and the output "Response: Hello, Alice" ends.
Implementing gRPC services in Go from scratch might sound intimidating, but once you understand the flow—from defining your service in Protocol Buffers to generating Go code and writing server/client logic—it becomes straightforward and even elegant. Here's how to do it step by step, with no magic or hidden assumptions.
? 1. Define Your Service in .proto
Start by creating a .proto file that defines your service interface and message types. This is language-agnostic and forms the contract between client and server.
Example: service.proto
syntax = "proto3";
package main;
service Greeter {
rpc SayHello (HelloRequest) returns (HelloResponse);
}
message HelloRequest {
string name = 1;
}
message HelloResponse {
string message = 1;
}This defines a simple service that takes a name and returns a greeting.
? 2. Install Protocol Buffer Compiler & Go Plugins
You'll need:
-
protoc(the Protocol Buffer compiler) - Go plugins for gRPC and protobuf
Install them:
# Install protoc (on macOS) brew install protobuf # Or on Linux: download from https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases # Install Go plugins go install google.golang.org/protobuf/cmd/protoc-gen-go@latest go install google.golang.org/grpc/cmd/protoc-gen-go-grpc@latest
Make sure both plugins are in your $PATH .
? 3. Generate Go Code from .proto
Run this command in the directory with your .proto file:
protoc --go_out=. --go-grpc_out=. service.proto
This generates two files:
-
service.pb.go— contains message types -
service_grpc.pb.go— contains client and server interfaces
Now you have strongly-typed Go structs and interfaces ready to use.
? 4. Write the gRPC Server
Create a Go file (eg, server.go ) that implements the generated service interface:
package main
import (
"context"
"log"
"net"
"google.golang.org/grpc"
)
type server struct {
UnimplementedGreeterServer // Satisfies the interface
}
func (s *server) SayHello(ctx context.Context, req *HelloRequest) (*HelloResponse, error) {
return &HelloResponse{
Message: "Hello, " req.Name,
}, nil
}
func main() {
lis, err := net.Listen("tcp", ":50051")
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("failed to listen: %v", err)
}
s := grpc.NewServer()
RegisterGreeterServer(s, &server{})
log.Println("gRPC server running on :50051")
if err := s.Serve(lis); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("failed to serve: %v", err)
}
}? Tip: Use
UnimplementedGreeterServerso your code won't break if new RPCs are added later — it provides default "unimplemented" responses.
? 5. Write the gRPC Client
Create client.go :
package main
import (
"context"
"log"
"time"
"google.golang.org/grpc"
"google.golang.org/grpc/credentials/insecure"
)
func main() {
conn, err := grpc.Dial("localhost:50051", grpc.WithTransportCredentials(insecure.NewCredentials()))
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("did not connect: %v", err)
}
defer conn.Close()
client := NewGreeterClient(conn)
ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second)
defer cancel()
resp, err := client.SayHello(ctx, &HelloRequest{Name: "Alice"})
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf(" could not greet: %v", err)
}
log.Printf("Response: %s", resp.Message)
} This connects to the server, calls SayHello , and prints the response.
? 6. Run It!
In one terminal:
go run server.go
In another:
go run client.go
Expected output:
Response: Hello, Alice
?? Bonus Tips
- Use
buffor better proto management : It's a modern alternative to rawprotocwith linting, breaking-change detection, and easier dependency management. - Add logging/metrics/tracing : Wrap your server methods with interceptors (
grpc.UnaryInterceptor) for observability. - Enable TLS in production : Replace
insecure.NewCredentials()with real certificates usingcredentials.NewClientTLSFromCert(...). - Validate input : Use protobuf extensions like
google.api.field_behavioror custom validation logic inside your RPC methods.
That's it — you've built a working gRPC service in Go from scratch. No frameworks, no templates, just the core tools and clear steps. Once you get this flow down, scaling to more complex services (streaming, authentication, etc.) is just layering on top.
The above is the detailed content of Implementing gRPC Services in Go from Scratch. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
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