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A Guide to Java NIO and Asynchronous I/O

JavaNIO and Asynchronous I/O are suitable for high concurrency and I/O intensive scenarios. 1. NIO is based on buffers, channels and selectors, and supports non-blocking I/O and single-thread management of multiple connections; 2. AIO is truly asynchronous through asynchronous channels and callbacks or Future, and is completed by the operating system notification; 3. NIO is stable across platforms and is suitable for most high concurrency services. AIO performs better but complex on specific platforms; 4. When using it, pay attention to buffer management, thread safety, resource release and backpressure issues. It is recommended to give priority to using mature frameworks such as Netty to reduce complexity, and finally select a suitable model based on performance requirements and platform characteristics.

Jul 28, 2025 am 02:44 AM

Deep Dive into Java Garbage Collection: G1 vs ZGC

G1GC and ZGC are two modern garbage collectors in Java, and the choice depends on application requirements. 1.G1 is suitable for scenarios where the heap size is between 4GB and about 1TB, can accept pauses within 200ms, priority is given to throughput, and runs in JDK7; 2. ZGC is suitable for low-latency systems that require stable pauses below 10ms, heaps exceed 32GB or even up to 16TB, running in JDK15 and able to withstand higher CPU overhead; ultimately, benchmarking should be carried out through GC log analysis tools for real workloads (such as GCViewer or ZGC statistics) to determine the best choice.

Jul 28, 2025 am 02:44 AM

Optimizing Memory Usage in Java Applications

UseefficientdatastructureslikeArrayListoverLinkedListandprimitivecollectionstoreduceoverhead;2.Minimizeobjectcreationbyreusingobjects,usingStringBuilderforconcatenation,andcachingexpensiveobjects;3.Preventmemoryleaksbynullifyingreferences,usingstatic

Jul 28, 2025 am 02:40 AM

java Memory management

Java Application Monitoring with Prometheus and Grafana

Use Micrometer to expose metrics in Java applications. By adding dependencies and configuring SpringBootActuator, the application outputs monitoring data in Prometheus format at the /actuator/prometheus endpoint; 2. Configure Prometheus' scrape_configs, add job_name to 'java-app' crawling task, specify metrics_path and targets to regularly collect Java application metrics, and verify the acquisition status through Prometheus' Targets page; 3. Start Grafana and add Prometheus as the data source

Jul 28, 2025 am 02:37 AM

java monitor

How to Handle Nulls Effectively in Modern Java

UseOptionalforreturntypestosignalpotentialabsence,avoidingitforparametersandfields;2.ValidateinputsearlywithObjects.requireNonNull()tofailfast;3.Apply@Nullableand@NonNullannotationstoimprovestaticanalysisandcodeclarity;4.Leveragesafeutilitymethodslik

Jul 28, 2025 am 02:27 AM

Best Practices for Testing Java Applications with Spring Boot

Useappropriatetestsliceslike@WebMvcTestforcontrollers,@DataJpaTestforrepositories,andavoid@SpringBootTestunlessfullcontextisneeded.2.PreferunittestswithMockitoforservicelayerstokeeptestsfastandisolated.3.Use@SpringBootTestwith@AutoConfigureTestDataba

Jul 28, 2025 am 02:25 AM

Securing a Java REST API with Spring Security

AddSpringSecurityandJWTdependenciesinpom.xmltoenablesecurityandtokenhandling.2.CreateaJwtRequestFiltertointerceptrequests,extractandvalidateJWTtokens,andsetauthenticationinthesecuritycontext.3.ConfigureSecurityConfigtodisableCSRF,permitpublicaccessto

Jul 28, 2025 am 02:13 AM

Advanced Java Interview Questions for Senior Developers

Advanced Java interview questions mainly examine the understanding of JVM internal mechanisms, concurrent programming, performance tuning, design patterns and system architecture. 1. The Java memory model (JMM) defines the visibility, atomicity and order of memory operations between threads. The volatile keyword and happens-before rules ensure correct synchronization to avoid the problem of update invisibility caused by CPU cache. G1GC is suitable for large heaps and predictable pause scenarios. Areas with a lot of garbage are preferred through area recycling. ZGC uses shading pointers and loading barriers to achieve submillisecond-level pauses, and the pause time is independent of the heap size, which is suitable for low-latency systems. 2. Use ConcurrentHashMap to design thread-safe LRU cache

Jul 28, 2025 am 02:12 AM

java programming

What's New in Java 17 and Beyond

Java17introducedkeyfeatureslikesealedclasses,patternmatchingforswitch(preview),removaloftheAppletAPI,anewmacOSrenderingpipeline,strongerencapsulationofJDKinternalsbydefault,andtheincubatorForeignFunction&MemoryAPI;beyondJava17,versions18to22added

Jul 28, 2025 am 02:03 AM

A Comparison of Java Web Frameworks: Spring Boot, Micronaut, and Quarkus

Quarkuswinsfornativecompilationandfasteststartup,2.Micronautexcelsinlow-memoryJVMscenarios,3.SpringBootleadsinecosystemsizeandeaseofadoption,4.QuarkusandMicronautoffersuperiordeveloperexperiencewithlivereload,5.Forcloud-nativeandserverless,Quarkusisb

Jul 28, 2025 am 01:51 AM

Introduction to the Eclipse Vert.x Toolkit for Reactive Java Applications

EclipseVert.xisalightweight,high-performancetoolkitforbuildingreactive,event-drivenJavaapplicationsontheJVM.1.Itusesaneventloopmodeltohandleconcurrencywithoutblocking,ensuringhighscalabilityandlowlatency.2.Thecoreunitofdeploymentisaverticle,whichruns

Jul 28, 2025 am 01:50 AM

Reactive programming Vert.x

The definitive guide to Java Platform Threads (Project Loom)

ProjectLoomintroduceslightweightvirtualthreadstoJava,simplifyinghigh-throughputconcurrentapplicationdevelopment.1.Virtualthreadsarelightweight,JVM-managedthreadsthatenablemassiveconcurrencywithouttheoverheadofOS-backedplatformthreads.2.Theyallowsynch

Jul 28, 2025 am 01:48 AM

Low-Latency Java Programming Techniques

Minimizegarbagecollectionbyusingobjectpooling,stackallocationviaescapeanalysis,primitivecollections,andlimitingobjectchurn,whileleveraginglow-pauseGCslikeZGCorShenandoah.2.Useringbuffersandlock-freedatastructuressuchastheDisruptorpatternforhigh-throu

Jul 28, 2025 am 01:37 AM

Functional Programming Concepts in Java

Java supports the concept of functional programming, which can be achieved by 1. Using functional interfaces and lambda expressions to implement first-class and higher-order functions; 2. Using immutable objects and pure functions to implement immutability and pure functions; 3. Using StreamAPI for declarative data processing; 4. Using Function andThen and compose methods to realize function combinations; 5. Avoid side effects and prioritize expressions over statements, so as to write clearer, predictable and easy to test code.

Jul 28, 2025 am 01:34 AM

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