How to test network connectivity to another host?
Aug 02, 2025 am 01:00 AMThere are three main ways to check network connectivity: 1. Use the ping command to test basic connectivity, enter the ping host name or IP address, and if the response time and TTL value are returned, the network will be smooth; 2. Test specific ports through telnet or nc, such as the telnet host IP port number or the nc-zv host IP port number to confirm whether the service is open; 3. Use tracert (Windows) or traceroute (Linux/macOS) to view the routing path and find possible breakpoints. Note that the target host may disable the ICMP protocol or block the request, and it is necessary to make a judgment based on various methods.
It is actually not difficult to check network connectivity, the key is to use the right method. If you want to know whether your computer can access another host normally, the most direct way is to test it through some basic commands and tools.
1. Use the ping command to test basic connectivity
ping is one of the most commonly used and simplest network testing commands. It can tell you whether the machine can communicate with the target host.
The operation method is simple: open a command prompt on Windows, open a terminal on macOS or Linux, and then enter:
-
ping 主機名
or -
ping IP地址
for example:
ping google.com
or
ping 8.8.8.8
If you can see the response time and TTL value returned, it means that the network is open; if "Request timed out" or "The target host cannot be accessed", there may be network problems in the middle, or the target host has disabled the ICMP protocol (that is, ping).
Note: Some servers or firewalls will block ping requests, so even if the ping is not connected, it does not necessarily mean that the network is not connected.
2. Use telnet or nc to test a specific port
Sometimes you don’t just want to confirm whether the host is online, but you want to see if a certain service is open, such as HTTP (80), HTTPS (443), SSH (22), etc.
You can use:
-
telnet 主機IP 端口號
nc -zv 主機IP 端口號
For example:
telnet example.com 80
or
nc -zv example.com 443
If the connection is successful, it means that the port is open; if it fails, it may be that the service is not running, the port is blocked by the firewall, or the host itself is unreachable.
Windows does not have a telnet client installed by default and needs to be enabled manually. The Telnet client can be checked in Control Panel → Programs → Enable or Turn off Windows Features.
3. Check the routing path: tracert (Windows) or traceroute (Linux/macOS)
If you want to see how the packet reaches the target host and whether there is a breakpoint in the middle, you can use tracert (Windows) or traceroute (Linux/macOS).
The command format is as follows:
Windows:
tracert example.com
Linux/macOS:
traceroute example.com
It lists every hop from your computer to the target host and displays the delay. If a step starts to display a timeout, the problem is most likely at that node.
This method is particularly useful for troubleshooting network bottlenecks or fault points, but the output may be affected by the intermediate router settings and may not be complete.
Basically that's it. You can first use ping to make quick judgments, and then use telnet/nc and traceroute to conduct in-depth analysis according to your needs. It is not complicated but easy to ignore that sometimes it is not that there is a problem with your network, but that the other party has restricted it, so don’t draw conclusions easily.
The above is the detailed content of How to test network connectivity to another host?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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