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?? Bonus Tips for New Users
Home Operation and Maintenance Mac OS mac os terminal commands for beginners

mac os terminal commands for beginners

Jul 23, 2025 am 02:55 AM
terminal mac os

pwd displays the current location, ls view the file, cd switches the directory; 2. Touch creates empty files, mkdir creates folders, rm deletes files or -r deletes folders, mv renames or moves, cp copy files; 3. cat view content, open with default application, nano edits text; add Tab completion, ↑ checks history, Ctrl C termination, man checks help, and gradually practice to use Terminal proficiently.

mac os terminal commands for beginners

If you're new to macOS and want to start using the Terminal, here's a beginner-friendly list of essential commands—plus what they do and why they're useful.

mac os terminal commands for beginners

? 1. Navigating Your File System

These commands help you move around folders (like clicking through Finder):

  • pwd
    Print Working Directory – Shows your current location in the file system.
    Example output: /Users/yourname/Documents

    mac os terminal commands for beginners
  • ls
    List files and folders in the current directory.
    Try:

    • ls -l → shows details (size, date, permissions)
    • ls -a → shows hidden files (those starting with . )
  • cd [folder-name]
    Change Directory – Move into a folder.

    mac os terminal commands for beginners
    • cd Documents → goes into the Documents folder
    • cd .. → goes back one folder
    • cd ~ or just cd → goes back to your home folder

? 2. Creating, Moving, and Deleting Files/Folders

  • touch filename.txt
    Creates a new empty file (great for testing).

  • mkdir foldername
    Make Directory – creates a new folder.
    Example: mkdir Projects

  • rm filename.txt
    Remove a file (?? permanent—no trash!).
    Use carefully!

  • rm -r foldername
    Removes a folder and everything inside.
    ?? Even more careful! Test with ls first.

  • mv oldname.txt newname.txt
    Move or Rename – also used to move files between folders:
    mv file.txt ~/Documents/

  • cp file.txt copy.txt
    Copy a file.


? 3. Viewing and Editing Files

  • cat filename.txt
    Shows the full content of a file in the Terminal.

  • open filename.txt
    Opens the file in its default app (eg, TextEdit for .txt).

  • nano filename.txt
    Opens a simple text editor inside the Terminal (good for beginners).

    • Save: Ctrl O , then Enter
    • Exit: Ctrl X

?? Bonus Tips for New Users

  • Auto-complete : Start typing a filename/folder and press Tab – macOS will fill it in if it's unique.
  • Command history : Press the ↑ (up) arrow to see previous commands.
  • Stop a running command : Press Ctrl C .
  • Get help : Type man command-name (eg, man ls ) to read the manual page.

These commands cover 90% of what beginners need. Practice them in a safe folder (like your Desktop or a test folder), and you'll get comfortable fast. No need to memorize all at once—just use one or two each day.

Basically, it's like Finder—but faster once you know the shortcuts.

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