To safely use Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), the following measures need to be taken: 1. Use strong passwords and enable multi-factor authentication (MFA), avoid common vocabulary or birthday passwords, and combine mobile phone verification codes and other methods to enhance security; 2. Modify the default port (such as 3389) and restrict access to the source IP, the firewall only releases specific IPs, and improves scanning defense capabilities; 3. Enable Network Layer Authentication (NLA), verify user identity before connection, and prevent man-in-the-middle attacks; 4. Regularly audit logs and close useless accounts, monitor login behavior through event viewer, and promptly detect exceptions and handle them. Implementing the above configuration can greatly improve RDP security.
Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) is a very practical remote management tool in Windows systems, but it is also a common entry point for hacker attacks. It is ok to use it easily, but if it is not safe, it is easy to get into trouble. To make RDP use safely, you have to pay attention to the following key points.
Multi-factor authentication with strong passwords (MFA)
The most common way of attack in RDP is brute-force cracking. If the account password is too simple, it is easy to be hit successfully. So the first level is to set the password to complex points, such as including upper and lower case, numbers and symbols, with a length of at least 12 digits or more.
More importantly, multi-factor certification (MFA) . In this way, even if the password is leaked, the attacker cannot enter. If you are using Azure AD or have a deployment network policy server (NPS), you can combine mobile phone verification code, hardware key or application dynamic code to enhance security.
- Try to avoid common vocabulary or birthday combinations
- The prerequisite for enabling MFA is that you have an environment that supports it, such as with Azure or third-party authentication services
Change the default port to restrict access to the source IP
RDP uses port 3389 by default, and many scanners scan this port as soon as they come up. You can change the port used by RDP to an unusual number by modifying the registry or group policy. Although it cannot completely prevent advanced attacks, it can block many automated scanning.
In addition, it is recommended to set rules on the firewall to allow only specific IP addresses to access RDP ports. For example, if you are from a company or home, you will only release these two export IPs. In this way, even if others know that you have opened an RDP, they will not be able to connect.
- Modifying the port requires synchronous update of the firewall and router configuration
- If you change your IP frequently, you can use IP range or temporary whitelist to handle it
Turn on Network Layer Authentication (NLA)
Windows comes with a function called "NLA". After turning on, the system will verify the user's identity before establishing a complete desktop connection. This not only reduces resource consumption, but also prevents some man-in-the-middle attacks.
The method to enable is simple: Open Remote Settings → Check "Allow only remote desktop connections with network-level authentication to run".
This feature should be enabled by default, but if you are upgrading from the old version of the system, it is best to check whether it is enabled.
Regular audit logs close unwanted accounts
Don't forget to see who is trying to log in to your RDP regularly. The "Security Log" in the Windows Event Viewer records the successful or failed login information. If you find frequent failed attempts, it means that someone may be blasting. At this time, you have to consider changing your password, blocking your IP, or adjusting your strategy.
Another small detail is closing or deleting an account that is no longer in use . Especially those for testing, leaving employees’ accounts, they may become breakthroughs.
- Log Path: Event Viewer → Windows Log → Security
- Can automatically analyze abnormal behavior with scripts or monitoring tools
Basically that's it. RDP itself is not unsafe, but many people use the default configuration but do not protect it. As long as the above points are implemented in place, remote office can be more at ease.
The above is the detailed content of How to secure Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
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