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目錄 搜尋
Guides Access control CORS Authentication Browser detection using the user agent Caching Caching FAQ Compression Conditional requests Connection management in HTTP 1.x Content negotiation Content negotiation: List of default Accept values Cookies CSP Messages Overview Protocol upgrade mechanism Proxy servers and tunneling Proxy servers and tunneling: Proxy Auto-Configuration (PAC) file Public Key Pinning Range requests Redirections Resources and specifications Resources and URIs Response codes Server-Side Access Control Session Guides: Basics Basics of HTTP Choosing between www and non-www URLs Data URIs Evolution of HTTP Identifying resources on the Web MIME Types MIME types: Complete list of MIME types CSP Content-Security-Policy Content-Security-Policy-Report-Only CSP: base-uri CSP: block-all-mixed-content CSP: child-src CSP: connect-src CSP: default-src CSP: font-src CSP: form-action CSP: frame-ancestors CSP: frame-src CSP: img-src CSP: manifest-src CSP: media-src CSP: object-src CSP: plugin-types CSP: referrer CSP: report-uri CSP: require-sri-for CSP: sandbox CSP: script-src CSP: style-src CSP: upgrade-insecure-requests CSP: worker-src Headers Accept Accept-Charset Accept-Encoding Accept-Language Accept-Ranges Access-Control-Allow-Credentials Access-Control-Allow-Headers Access-Control-Allow-Methods Access-Control-Allow-Origin Access-Control-Expose-Headers Access-Control-Max-Age Access-Control-Request-Headers Access-Control-Request-Method Age Allow Authorization Cache-Control Connection Content-Disposition Content-Encoding Content-Language Content-Length Content-Location Content-Range Content-Type Cookie Cookie2 Date DNT ETag Expect Expires Forwarded From Headers Host If-Match If-Modified-Since If-None-Match If-Range If-Unmodified-Since Keep-Alive Large-Allocation Last-Modified Location Origin Pragma Proxy-Authenticate Proxy-Authorization Public-Key-Pins Public-Key-Pins-Report-Only Range Referer Referrer-Policy Retry-After Server Set-Cookie Set-Cookie2 SourceMap Strict-Transport-Security TE Tk Trailer Transfer-Encoding Upgrade-Insecure-Requests User-Agent User-Agent: Firefox Vary Via Warning WWW-Authenticate X-Content-Type-Options X-DNS-Prefetch-Control X-Forwarded-For X-Forwarded-Host X-Forwarded-Proto X-Frame-Options X-XSS-Protection Methods CONNECT DELETE GET HEAD Methods OPTIONS PATCH POST PUT Status 100 Continue 101 Switching Protocols 200 OK 201 Created 202 Accepted 203 Non-Authoritative Information 204 No Content 205 Reset Content 206 Partial Content 300 Multiple Choices 301 Moved Permanently 302 Found 303 See Other 304 Not Modified 307 Temporary Redirect 308 Permanent Redirect 400 Bad Request 401 Unauthorized 403 Forbidden 404 Not Found 405 Method Not Allowed 406 Not Acceptable 407 Proxy Authentication Required 408 Request Timeout 409 Conflict 410 Gone 411 Length Required 412 Precondition Failed 413 Payload Too Large 414 URI Too Long 415 Unsupported Media Type 416 Range Not Satisfiable 417 Expectation Failed 426 Upgrade Required 428 Precondition Required 429 Too Many Requests 431 Request Header Fields Too Large 451 Unavailable For Legal Reasons 500 Internal Server Error 501 Not Implemented 502 Bad Gateway 503 Service Unavailable 504 Gateway Timeout 505 HTTP Version Not Supported 511 Network Authentication Required Status
文字

OPTIONS用于描述目標資源的通訊選擇??蛻舳丝梢詾?OPTIONS 方法指定一個特定的 URL,或者指定一個星號(*)來引用整個服務器。

請求具有正文

沒有

成功的回應有身體

安全

冪等

可緩存

沒有

在HTML表單中允許

沒有

語法

OPTIONS /index.html HTTP/1.1OPTIONS * HTTP/1.1

示例

識別允許的請求方法

要找出服務器支持的請求方法,可以使用 curl 并發(fā)出 OPTIONS 請求:

curl -X OPTIONS http://example.org -i

該響應包含一個包含允許的方法的Allow頭文件:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Allow: OPTIONS, GET, HEAD, POST
Cache-Control: max-age=604800Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2016 11:45:00 GMT
Expires: Thu, 20 Oct 2016 11:45:00 GMT
Server: EOS (lax004/2813)x-ec-custom-error: 1Content-Length: 0

在 CORS 中預先發(fā)送請求

在 CORS 中,發(fā)送帶該OPTIONS方法的預檢請求,以便服務器可以響應以這些參數(shù)發(fā)送請求是否可接受。Access-Control-Request-Method報頭通知服務器作為預檢請求被發(fā)送的實際請求時,它將被與發(fā)送的一部分POST請求方法。Access-Control-Request-Headers報頭通知服務器被發(fā)送的實際請求時,它將被與發(fā)送X-PINGOTHERContent-Type自定義首部。服務器現(xiàn)在有機會確定它是否希望在這種情況下接受請求。

OPTIONS /resources/post-here/ HTTP/1.1 Host: bar.other 
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 
Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5 
Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate 
Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 
Connection: keep-alive 
Origin: http://foo.example 
Access-Control-Request-Method: POST 
Access-Control-Request-Headers: X-PINGOTHER, Content-Type

服務器響應Access-Control-Allow-Methods,并表面POST,GETOPTIONS是可行的方法來查詢相關資源。這個表頭與Allow響應頭類似,但嚴格在 CORS 的環(huán)境中使用。

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 01 Dec 2008 01:15:39 GMT 
Server: Apache/2.0.61 (Unix) Access-Control-Allow-Origin: http://foo.example 
Access-Control-Allow-Methods: POST, GET, OPTIONS 
Access-Control-Allow-Headers: X-PINGOTHER, Content-Type 
Access-Control-Max-Age: 86400 Vary: Accept-Encoding, Origin 
Content-Encoding: gzip 
Content-Length: 0 Keep-Alive: timeout=2, max=100 Connection: Keep-Alive 
Content-Type: text/plain

規(guī)范

規(guī)范

標題

RFC 7231,第4.3.7節(jié):選項

超文本傳輸協(xié)議(HTTP / 1.1):語義和內容

瀏覽器兼容性

Feature

Chrome

Edge

Firefox

Internet Explorer

Opera

Safari

Basic Support

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

Feature

Android

Chrome for Android

Edge mobile

Firefox for Android

IE mobile

Opera Android

iOS Safari

Basic Support

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

(Yes)

也可以看看

  • Allow header

  • CORS

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