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Article Introduction：pwd displays the current location, ls view the file, cd switches the directory; 2. touch creates empty files, mkdir creates folders, rm deletes files or -r deletes folders, mv renames or moves, cp copy files; 3. cat view content, open with default application, nano edits text; add Tab completion, ↑ checks history, Ctrl C termination, man checks help, and gradually practice to use Terminal proficiently.

2025-07-23 comment 0  257

Article Introduction：Directory Iterator in PHP: Listing and Sorting FilesThis article explores PHP's DirectoryIterator class, allowing you to iterate through files in...

2024-11-27 comment 0  803

Article Introduction：shutil.rmtree() is a function in Python that recursively deletes the entire directory tree. It can delete specified folders and all contents. 1. Basic usage: Use shutil.rmtree(path) to delete the directory, and you need to handle FileNotFoundError, PermissionError and other exceptions. 2. Practical application: You can clear folders containing subdirectories and files in one click, such as temporary data or cached directories. 3. Notes: The deletion operation is not restored; FileNotFoundError is thrown when the path does not exist; it may fail due to permissions or file occupation. 4. Optional parameters: Errors can be ignored by ignore_errors=True

2025-08-01 comment 0  254

Article Introduction：C language data structure: The data representation of the tree and graph is a hierarchical data structure consisting of nodes. Each node contains a data element and a pointer to its child nodes. The binary tree is a special type of tree. Each node has at most two child nodes. The data represents structTreeNode{intdata;structTreeNode*left;structTreeNode*right;}; Operation creates a tree traversal tree (predecision, in-order, and later order) search tree insertion node deletes node graph is a collection of data structures, where elements are vertices, and they can be connected together through edges with right or unrighted data representing neighbors.

2025-04-04 comment 0  1554

Article Introduction：The C 17 file system library provides a unified, type-safe interface, making file and directory operations more intuitive and efficient. 1) The std::filesystem::path class simplifies path operation; 2) The std::filesystem::directory_iterator facilitates traversing directories; 3) Pay attention to exception handling and performance optimization to ensure the robustness and efficiency of the program.

2025-04-28 comment 0  1042

Article Introduction：Free and open source PHP Web Framework Yii Getting Started Guide Installation Prerequisites: PHP 7.2, Composer Create Application: composer create-project yiisoft/yii2-app-basic your-app-name Project Structure: Contains assets, config, controllers, models, runtime, views, web, etc. Create Controller: Create classes in the controllers directory, such as SiteController, define operation methods and create models: In models

2025-04-18 comment 0  794

Article Introduction：To safely handle file system operations in PHP, first of all, you need to verify and clean all user input, use basename() to extract file names, avoid directly allowing users to input paths, and check whether the input meets expectations through regular expressions; secondly, restrict files to access a secure directory, you can compare the allowable paths by using realpath() in the open_basedir configuration or code; thirdly, set correct file and directory permissions, recommend 0755 directory and 0644 file permissions, avoid using 0777; fourthly, use PHP built-in functions to process files to avoid executing shell commands; finally record and monitor file operation behavior to discover abnormal activities. These steps can effectively prevent unauthorized access and data loss

2025-07-10 comment 0  152

Article Introduction：Laravel 11.35 introduces the Uri class based on the PHP League URI library. Uri simplifies the process of manipulating and processing URIs in Laravel applications and provides some convenient features about named routing. Basic Operation The core function of the Uri class is to create and manipulate URI strings, including queries, fragments, and paths: use Illuminate\Support\Uri; $uri = Uri::of('https://laravel-news.com') ->withPath('links') ->wit

2025-03-05 comment 0  828

Article Introduction：The seven magic constants of PHP are __LINE__, __FILE__, __DIR__, __FUNCTION__, __CLASS__, __TRAIT__, __METHOD__, and they can dynamically return code location and context information, 1. LINE returns the current line number, for precise debugging; 2. FILE returns the absolute path of the current file, often used to reliably introduce files or define root directory; 3. DIR returns the directory where the current file is located, which is clearer and more efficient than dirname (__FILE__); 4. FUNCTION returns the current function name, suitable for function-level log tracking; 5. CLASS returns the current class name (including namespace), in logs and factories

2025-07-30 comment 0  939

Article Introduction：To run a PHP script, you need to select the appropriate environment according to the purpose. 1. Local operation: Use integrated packages such as XAMPP, WAMP or MAMP to build an environment, put the PHP file into the http://localhost/yourfile.php through the browser to execute; Linux users can check and install PHP with sudoapt. 2. Command line operation: It is suitable for automation tasks, ensure that after PHP is added to PATH, enter the script directory in the terminal and execute phpscript.php. 3. Online testing: Quickly test code snippets through platforms such as 3v4l.org, phptester.net, etc., suitable for learning and sharing, but not for development of complete

2025-06-29 comment 0  818

Article Introduction：Carbon: PHP date and time processing tool Carbon is a lightweight PHP library for simplifying the processing of dates and times. It is based on and extends the core DateTime class and adds many convenient methods to make date-time operation easier. This article will introduce the basic usage of Carbon and demonstrate how to use it in a real project. Core points: Carbon is a library designed for PHP date and time operations, extends the core DateTime class and adds user-friendly methods to provide a more intuitive experience. The library can be installed using Composer and can be instantiated from strings, timestamps, or other DateTime or Carbon instances

2025-02-16 comment 0  518

Article Introduction：To create an object in PHP, you must first define the class and then instantiate it with the new keyword. 1. Classes are blueprints of objects, defining attributes and methods; 2. Create object instances using new; 3. Constructors are used to initialize different data; 4. Access attributes and methods through ->; 5. Pay attention to access control of public, private, and protected; 6. Multiple independent instances can be created, each maintaining its status. For example, after defining the Car class, newCar('red') creates an object and passes a parameter, $myCar->startEngine() calls the method, and each object does not affect each other. Mastering these helps build clearer, scalable applications.

2025-06-24 comment 0  850

Article Introduction：The security of PHP sessions can be achieved through the following measures: 1. Use session_regenerate_id() to regenerate the session ID when the user logs in or is an important operation. 2. Encrypt the transmission session ID through the HTTPS protocol. 3. Use session_save_path() to specify the secure directory to store session data and set permissions correctly.

2025-05-01 comment 0  1042

Article Introduction：Using the zipfile module in Python can directly create and decompress ZIP files. 1. To create a ZIP file, you need to use the ZipFile class to open the file in write mode, and add the file through the write() method. When packaging the directory, you need to traverse the file recursively and pay attention to the path processing; 2. Unzip the ZIP file to restore the complete directory structure by extractall() method, or you can also selectively extract a single file after viewing the content through namelist(); 3. Other techniques include handling Chinese garbled code, detecting whether the ZIP is corrupt, setting compression levels and password protection (requiring a third-party library). Mastering these key points can meet daily ZIP file operation needs.

2025-07-21 comment 0  177

Article Introduction：The most direct way to install dependencies is to run composerinstall. The specific steps are as follows: 1. Make sure that Composer is installed, and you can check the version through composer--version; 2. Enter the project root directory and execute composerinstall. This command will install dependencies based on composer.json and composer.lock, generate automatic loading configurations and store them in vendor/directory; 3. You can use --no-dev to skip development dependencies, -o optimization class loader, --prefer-dist priority download of zip files, etc. to enhance control; 4. If the installation fails, common reasons include incompatible PHP versions and lack of extensions

2025-07-16 comment 0  572

Article Introduction：There are two main ways to create models in the Yii framework: 1. Use Gii to automatically generate models, and you can generate model classes and CRUD code by enabling Gii tools and accessing its interface to enter table names and class names; 2. Create a model file manually, create a new PHP file in models/ directory and define a class inherited from yii\db\ActiveRecord, and implement tableName(), rules(), attributeLabels() and other methods; in addition, you need to pay attention to the model naming specifications, automatic filling fields, model locations, and the difference between AR and non-AR models, and choose the appropriate method according to actual needs.

2025-07-14 comment 0  354

Article Introduction：To configure the automatic loading of Composer's classmap, first use the "classmap" key under "autoload" in composer.json to specify the directory or file. For example: {"autoload":{"classmap":["lib/","database/models/"]}}, Composer will scan the .php file in these paths and generate class maps. You can also specify a single file such as legacy_class.php. renew

2025-07-14 comment 0  747

Article Introduction：When running PHP, you need to pay attention to the environment configuration and container stability when running Docker. First, prepare a PHP project with a clear structure, ensure that there are dependent files such as composer.json, and place the code in a separate directory for mounting; second, use the official PHP image to quickly start container testing, such as using the CLI image to execute simple scripts; then write a custom Dockerfile image, copy the code, install the extensions, and enable the necessary modules; finally handle debugging and common problems, including permissions, missing dependencies, Apache operation and log viewing. It is recommended to build a custom image and optimize the configuration when deploying and launching it online.

2025-06-27 comment 0  844

Article Introduction：PSR (PHP Standard Recommendation) is a coding specification formulated by PHP-FIG, aiming to improve compatibility and collaboration efficiency in PHP development. Its core purpose is to make the code between different frameworks and projects easier to read and maintain by unifying code style, structure and automatic loading standards. The main PSRs include: ① PSR-1 basic coding standard; ② PSR-4 automatic loading standard; ③ PSR-12 extended code style guide. Application methods include: ① Use PHPCS or PHP-CS-Fixer for code inspection; ② Set the pre-commit hook to ensure the code is neat; ③ Follow the naming and directory structure specifications; ④ Use PascalCase class name and camelCase method name. Common misunderstandings such as mixing tab characters and empty

2025-06-17 comment 0  303

Article Introduction：The context manager is a mechanism in Python that simplifies resource management and ensures the correct release of resources, and is implemented through with statements. The core is to define the operations before and after the code is executed, and to automatically execute the two stages of "enter" and "exit", such as automatically closing the file or releasing the lock. The implementation methods include: 1. Use the class to define the __enter__() and __exit__() methods; 2. Use the @contextmanager decorator of the contextlib module to separate the entry and exit logic through yield. It has a wide range of application scenarios, such as file operation, database connection, locking mechanism, temporary directory management and performance timing, which can effectively improve code readability and security.

2025-07-15 comment 0  422