shutil.rmtree() is a function in Python that recursively deletes the entire directory tree, and can delete specified folders and all contents. 1. Basic usage: Use shutil.rmtree(path) to delete the directory, and you need to handle exceptions such as FileNotFoundError, PermissionError, etc. 2. Practical application: You can clear folders containing subdirectories and files in one click, such as temporary data or cached directories. 3. Notes: The deletion operation is not restored; FileNotFoundError is thrown when the path does not exist; it may fail due to permissions or file occupation. 4. Optional parameters: errors can be ignored by ignore_errors=True, or custom error handling functions can be specified through onerror. 5. Security tips: Before deletion, use os.path.exists() to check whether the directory exists to avoid exceptions. This function is suitable for cleaning temporary files or test data. Careful to prevent accidentally deleting important files when using them.
shutil.rmtree()
is a function in Python that recursively deletes the entire directory tree. It can delete specified folders and all files and subfolders inside them, similar to rm -rf
in the command line.

Here is a simple and practical example of usage:
? Basic usage examples
import shutil # The directory path to delete dir_to_remove = 'test_folder/' try: shutil.rmtree(dir_to_remove) print(f"directory '{dir_to_remove}' has been deleted successfully.") except FileNotFoundError: print(f"directory '{dir_to_remove}' does not exist.") except PermissionError: print(f"No permission to delete directory '{dir_to_remove}'.") except Exception as e: print(f"Error deleting directory: {e}")
?? Practical application scenarios
Suppose you have a temporary folder temp_data/
that contains multiple subfolders and cache files:

temp_data/ ├── cache/ │ └── data.tmp ├── logs/ │ └── app.log └── temp_images/ └── img.png
You can delete the entire structure with one click:
import shutil shutil.rmtree('temp_data') print("Temporary data cleared")
?? Notes
- Unrecoverable : This operation will permanently delete the file and will not enter the recycling bin.
- The path must exist : If the directory does not exist,
FileNotFoundError
will be thrown by default. - Permissions Issue : If a file is being used or read-only, it may cause failure (especially on Windows).
- Optional parameters
ignore_errors
andonerror
:
# Ignore errors (not recommended to use at will in production environment) shutil.rmtree('temp_data', ignore_errors=True) # Or custom error handling function def handle_error(func, path, exc_info): print(f"Delete {path} failed: {exc_info[1]}") shutil.rmtree('temp_data', oneerror=handle_error)
? Tips: Confirm whether it exists before deletion
import os import shutil folder = 'my_old_project' if os.path.exists(folder): shutil.rmtree(folder) print(f"Deleted {folder}") else: print(f"{folder} does not exist, no need to delete it.")
Basically that's it. shutil.rmtree()
is simple and efficient, suitable for cleaning temporary directories, test data or project construction products. Be careful not to delete important files by mistake when using them.

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