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- Migrating from Older MySQL Versions to MySQL 8.0
- Upgrading MySQL to 8.0 requires attention to compatibility, migration methods and client adaptation. 1. Before upgrading, check the default character set (utf8mb4), authentication plug-in (caching_sha2_password), syntax changes (such as GROUPBY restrictions), and use mysql_upgrade pre-flight; 2. Optimize the data structure, such as using descending indexes and column generation to improve performance; 3. Select the appropriate migration method (in-site upgrade or logical import and export), and do data backup and test; 4. Update the client driver to ensure that new authentication methods are supported, such as Java, PHP, Python-related libraries; 5. Adjust the configuration file parameters to check deprecated items and default value changes; 6. Monitor errors and alarms throughout the process
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 372 2025-07-23 01:40:30
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- Troubleshooting MySQL Out of Memory Errors
- MySQL insufficient memory errors are mainly due to improper configuration, low query efficiency or limited resources. Solutions: 1. View log location OOM sources, such as buffer pools, connection threads or query problems; 2. Adjust parameters such as innodb_buffer_pool_size, max_connections, etc., and set them reasonably in combination with actual memory; 3. Optimize SQL to avoid full table scanning, indexless JOIN and large result set sorting; 4. Enable monitoring tools to track memory usage and query performance, and promptly detect exceptions; 5. Limit resources in the container environment to prevent memory loss.
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 585 2025-07-23 01:37:02
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- mysql unix_timestamp function
- MySQL's UNIX_TIMESTAMP() function is used to convert date or date time format to Unix timestamps, i.e. seconds from 1970-01-0100:00:00UTC to the present. 1. Its basic usage includes getting the current timestamp and the incoming date expression without parameters to get the specified timestamp; 2. It is often used for time range query optimization to make the conditions clearer and improve indexing efficiency; 3. Use it in conjunction with program languages such as PHP and Python to uniformly process time logic; 4. Pay attention to time zone issues when using it. It is recommended to use UTC time storage uniformly to avoid errors caused by inconsistent time zones.
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 448 2025-07-23 01:35:01
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- Troubleshooting MySQL Binlog Errors
- When encountering MySQLbinlog errors, confirm the source of the problem first and then check it step by step. 1. When the Binlog file is corrupted or unreadable, check the error log and use the mysqlbinlog tool to verify the file integrity. If the main library is corrupted, you can skip events or restore them from the backup. If the slave library reports an error, you can reset the replication link. 2. When the Binlog format is incompatible, it causes the copy to fail. Make sure that the master and slave use the same format. It is recommended to unify the ROW mode and take effect through SETGLOBAL or restart. 3. When the Binlog file is lost or the path is incorrect, check whether the server_id conflicts and whether the log_bin_index is complete. The missing slave library can be repaired through CHANGEMASTERTO. If the master library is deleted, the slave library needs to be installed.
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 162 2025-07-23 01:14:01
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- Optimizing MySQL Temporary File System Configuration
- To optimize the configuration of MySQL temporary file system, you need to specify a dedicated directory and reasonably select the file system. 1. Modify the tmpdir parameter to store temporary files in independently mounted disk partitions to avoid resource scrambling and ensure correct permissions. 2. If the memory is sufficient, you can use the tmpfs file system to improve performance, but pay attention to memory limitations and monitoring usage. 3. Monitor Created_tmp_disk_tables and other indicators through SHOWGLOBALSTATUS, combine slow query log analysis to optimize SQL to reduce the use of temporary disk tables.
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 674 2025-07-23 01:10:20
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- Monitoring MySQL Disk I/O Performance and Bottlenecks
- MySQL disk I/O performance problems can be checked and optimized through the following methods: 1. Use iostat to view disk I/O utilization, pay attention to the %util, await and svctm indicators to determine whether there is a bottleneck; 2. Analyze the InnoDB status within MySQL, check whether Pendingreads/writes and Innodb_data_pending_reads/writes continue to be zero; 3. Enable and analyze slow query logs to find SQL statements that do not use indexes or scan a lot of lines; 4. Suggestions to improve I/O performance include upgrading storage media, adjusting innodb_io_capacity, and configuring bufferpoo reasonably
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 230 2025-07-23 01:09:02
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- Designing MySQL Databases for User Authentication Systems
- The design of MySQL database for user authentication systems requires attention to security, scalability and maintenance costs. The core lies in the rational construction of user tables and other related table structures. The user table should contain id (BIGINTUNSIGNED auto-increment primary key), username and email (add unique index), password_hash (CHAR(60) hash value), created_at and last_login (use DATETIME or TIMESTAMP). In the initial stage, reset_token and reset_expires fields should be added, and the later stage should be split and managed. To support multi-factor authentication (MFA), it is recommended to establish an independent user_auth_met
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 572 2025-07-23 01:07:21
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- Optimizing MySQL with Predictive Indexing
- TooptimizeMySQLperformancewithpredictiveindexing,firstunderstandquerypatternstochooseeffectiveindexes.1)AnalyzefrequentqueriesanduseEXPLAINtoidentifyneededindexes.2)Usecompositeindexeswisely,placingthemostselectivecolumnsfirstandaligningindexorderwit
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 371 2025-07-23 01:02:01
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- Configuring MySQL Semi-Synchronous Replication
- MySQL semi-synchronous replication improves data security while maintaining performance by ensuring at least one transaction received from the library. 1. Confirm MySQL version 5.7 and above and install the rpl_semi_sync_master and rpl_semi_sync_slave plug-ins; 2. Enable rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled in the main library configuration file and set the timeout time; 3. Enable rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled in the slave library; 4. Restart the slave library IO thread to make the configuration take effect; 5. Verify the status through SHOWSTATUS and adjust the timeout or confirmation policy according to requirements.
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 375 2025-07-23 00:55:20
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- Understanding MySQL Buffer Pool Sizing and Optimization
- BufferPool is the memory area used by InnoDB to cache tables and index data. Reasonable settings can reduce disk I/O and improve query efficiency. Its default size is 128MB, and the production environment should be set to 50%~80% of physical memory. Servers dedicated to MySQL can allocate more. When coexisting with other services, it needs to be appropriately reduced to avoid swap. To monitor the usage of BufferPool, you can focus on hit rate, page activity and number of idle pages through SHOWENGINEINNODBSTATUS, information_schema.INNODB_BUFFER_POOL_STATS, etc. Advanced optimization includes tuning innodb_b
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 488 2025-07-23 00:53:21
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- MySQL Database Containerization with Docker Compose
- The steps to containerize the MySQL database using DockerCompose are as follows: 1. Install Docker and DockerCompose to ensure that the basic environment tools are ready; 2. Write the docker-compose.yml file and configure the image version, environment variables, port mapping, data volumes and restart policies; 3. Execute commands to start the service and verify the container running status and logs; 4. Pay attention to key issues such as data persistence, password management, network configuration and performance tuning to ensure security and stability.
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 378 2025-07-23 00:39:20
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- Optimizing MySQL for Write-Heavy Workloads
- MySQL's optimization in write-intensive scenarios mainly includes four aspects. 1. Select the InnoDB storage engine to avoid MyISAM, and enable adaptive hash indexing and rationally configure innodb_buffer_pool_size; 2. Adjust transaction commit behavior, such as setting innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2, batch commit and turn off automatic commit; 3. Balance the indexing strategy to avoid over-index, use over-index and delay index updates; 4. Optimize hardware and file system configuration, such as using SSD, independent log disk and adjust file system mount options. These measures can significantly improve MySQL write performance and avoid bottlenecks.
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 986 2025-07-23 00:33:51
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- Designing a Multi-Tenant Architecture with MySQL
- The core problem of using MySQL in multi-tenant architecture design is to achieve data isolation and efficient resource utilization. The rational use of database isolation level, shared table structure design, and dynamic query routing mechanism are the key. Specific methods include: 1. Three ways to select data isolation: independent database (high isolation but high cost), shared database independent table space (balanced scheme), and shared tables (efficient but requires strong control); 2. Tenant_id must exist in table structure design and serve as an index prefix to ensure query security; 3. Query routes analyze tenant_id through the intermediate layer and dynamically manage connections or inject query conditions; 4. Performance optimization includes database partitioning, read and write separation, cache and archive, and expansion space should be reserved during design.
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 355 2025-07-23 00:31:31
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- MySQL Proxy Solutions for Load Balancing and Failover
- MySQLProxy is a middleware for load balancing and failover. Common solutions include MySQLRouter, ProxySQL and MaxScale, each suitable for different scenarios. Load balancing is achieved through read-write separation and node allocation, such as the main library processes write requests, the slave library processes read requests, and uses algorithms such as polling and weighting to distribute traffic. Failover depends on the health check mechanism, and automatically switches nodes after detection failure. Some tools also support delayed replication detection and automatic recovery. Selection should be determined based on system scale, operation and maintenance capabilities and functional requirements: InnoDBCluster environment prefers MySQLRouter, flexible control selects ProxySQL, and enterprise-level deployment considers MaxSc
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 826 2025-07-23 00:29:41
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