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Building Reactive Java APIs with Project Reactor

The key to using ProjectReactor to build a responsive API is to master the following key points: 1. Understand Flux and Mono, which handle asynchronous sequences of 0 to N elements and 0 or 1 element respectively, with lazy loading characteristics; 2. Use non-blocking I/O and backpressure mechanisms to improve performance, avoid blocking calls, and use responsive database drivers such as R2DBC; 3. Reasonably organize the code structure, realize concurrent logic merge by splitting functions, process control operators and .zip() to prevent "callback hell"; 4. Strengthen debugging and error handling, use .log() to track stream events, and use .onErrorResume() and other operators to elegantly handle exceptions to ensure the stability and maintainability of the flow.

Jul 23, 2025 am 03:29 AM

Implementing CQRS and Event Sourcing in Java

CQRS and EventSourcing improve system maintainability and scalability by separating read and write operations and recording state changes. CQRS separates commands and queries to achieve independent expansion; EventSourcing records events instead of final state, enhancing audit and rollback capabilities. When designing a domain model, you need to focus on the aggregate root response command and issue events to keep the service layer light, ensure the event immutable and the aggregate itself to verify the legitimacy. Using AxonFramework can simplify implementation, combine SpringBoot to improve development efficiency, and can also manually build core components. The query side asynchronously updates the read model through Projection, accepting short-term inconsistencies in exchange for performance. Actual development needs to pay attention to event version control,

Jul 23, 2025 am 03:27 AM

Optimizing Java Application Startup Time

Java application slow startup can be solved by positioning bottlenecks and optimizing. 1. Analyze the startup time, use tools such as -Xprof, StartupFailureReporter or JFR to find out the reasons for the slowness; 2. Reduce unnecessary dependencies and automatic configuration, exclude unused SpringBoot automatic configuration classes and clean up the dependency tree; 3. Adjust JVM parameters, such as disabling C1 compilation, skipping bytecode verification, and using G1GC to improve cold startup performance; 4. Use Devtools or hot deployment tools to reduce waiting time in the development environment.

Jul 23, 2025 am 03:27 AM

java Start Time

Java Garbage Collection (GC) Deep Dive

JavaGC automatically recycles memory through accessibility analysis and generational assumptions. MinorGC is fast and frequent, and FullGC is the heaviest to avoid; 2. Judging GC problems, time consumption, Old area trends and STW time, and turning on the log is the prerequisite; 3. Adjust the priority to set the target (throughput or delay), then adjust parameters such as the size of the young generation, Survivor ratio, and Metaspace upper limit, disable System.gc() to accurately locate the problem instead of blindly modifying the parameters.

Jul 23, 2025 am 03:19 AM

java gc

Java Data Structures and Algorithms for Performance

The key to optimizing Java program performance lies in the rational selection of data structures and algorithms. 1. Select appropriate collection classes according to the scene, such as frequent access to intermediate elements, use ArrayList, and use LinkedList to operate head or tail, find multi-priority HashMap or HashSet, and avoid thread-safe classes and capacity expansion losses. 2. Avoid repeated calculations, use memory cache results to reduce time complexity. 3. Master efficient sorting search algorithms, such as insertion sorting, counting sorting, binary search, KMP, etc., and select according to data characteristics. 4. Reduce GC pressure, avoid creating objects in loops, use object pools, StringBuilder and use StreamAPI with caution.

Jul 23, 2025 am 03:09 AM

java algorithm

Enterprise Integration Patterns with Apache Camel and Java

ApacheCamel is one of the best tools for implementing enterprise integration modes (EIPs) in Java. It simplifies common problems such as message routing, conversion, error handling, etc. through smooth DSL; 2. Core advantages include lightweight embedding, 300 connectors, declarative routing (such as Content-BasedRouter), and built-in EIP implementation (such as Splitter/Aggregator, IdempotentConsumer); 3. It is recommended to use it in combination with SpringBoot, which is easy to test, monitor and operate and maintain, making microservice integration more efficient and reliable.

Jul 23, 2025 am 03:09 AM

java

Java Bytecode Instrumentation for Monitoring

Java bytecode instrumentation realizes dynamic analysis of the running status of Java programs by modifying the .class file insertion monitoring logic when class loading. Its core principle is to use the Instrumentation API and bytecode operation libraries (such as ASM, ByteBuddy, etc.) to insert monitoring code before and after the method is executed without modifying the source code. The specific steps include: 1. Use JavaAgent to intercept the class loading process and register the ClassFileTransformer; 2. Insert monitoring logic such as timing, logs, etc. into the target method to ensure that the original logic is not affected; 3. Avoid destroying the method signature or introducing exceptions, and ensure that the bytecode passes JVM verification. Common application scenarios are:

Jul 23, 2025 am 03:02 AM

What is polymorphism in Java with example?

PolymorphisminJava allows objects of different classes to be regarded as objects of common superclasses and is one of the four pillars of object-oriented programming. It reflects runtime polymorphism through method rewriting (such as the different implementations of the sound method of Animal class in Dog and Cat classes), and also reflects compile-time polymorphism through method reloading, making the code more flexible and maintainable, and is widely used in frameworks, GUI event processing, collection operations and design patterns.

Jul 23, 2025 am 02:58 AM

java Polymorphism

Java CI/CD Pipelines for Automated Deployment

To build a JavaCI/CD pipeline for automated deployment, you need to pay attention to the following core points: 1. Select appropriate CI/CD tools, such as Jenkins, GitLabCI, GitHubActions, etc., and give priority to the use of tools that match the project platform to reduce migration costs; 2. Use Maven or Gradle to manage dependencies during the construction stage, keep the build environment clean, dynamically inject version numbers and enable parallel construction to improve efficiency; 3. Automated testing must include unit tests and integration tests. If failure is done, the process should be interrupted and a report should be generated to facilitate troubleshooting; 4. The deployment method is flexibly selected based on the project scale, deploying from scripts to Kubernetes, ensuring deployment idempotence and retaining historical versions for rapid rollback.

Jul 23, 2025 am 02:54 AM

Advanced SQL and Database Interaction in Java with JDBC

Use PreparedStatement to prevent SQL injection and improve performance; 2. Batch processing combined with disabling automatic commit can efficiently perform a large number of operations; 3. Use transactions and save points to achieve fine-grained rollback; 4. Set the acquisition size to stream large data result sets; 5. Call stored procedures through CallableStatement; 6. Use HikariCP and other connection pools to improve scalability; 7. Use setBinaryStream to process BLOBs, and setCharacterStream to process CLOBs; 8. Use DatabaseMetaData to dynamically discover database structures; master these advanced JDBC technologies to build more reliable, efficient and secure

Jul 23, 2025 am 02:53 AM

java jdbc

How to filter a List using Java 8 Stream API?

In Java 8, using the filter() method of StreamAPI combined with Lambda expressions can efficiently filter Lists. 1. Basic filtering: If you keep integers greater than 10, you need to use filter(n->n>10); 2. The filtering object list can be judged by object properties, such as filter(p->p.getAge()>30); 3. Multi-condition filtering can be implemented using logical operations combinations or chain calls; 4. The results can be further processed in combination with map() or limit(), such as extracting attributes or limiting the number.

Jul 23, 2025 am 02:52 AM

Securing Java Applications against OWASP Top 10

Preventinjectionbyusingparameterizedqueries,querybuilders,andinputvalidation;2.SecureauthenticationwithSpringSecurityorApacheShiro,enforcestrongpasswords,MFA,andsecuresessioncookies;3.Protectsensitivedataviabcrypt/PBKDF2forpasswords,AES-256-GCMencryp

Jul 23, 2025 am 02:18 AM

java security

Creating and Using Custom Exceptions in Java

Custom exceptions can improve code readability and maintenance and are suitable for specific error scenarios in business logic. In Java development, standard exception classes such as NullPointerException and IOException can only express common errors and cannot accurately describe complex business problems, such as "insufficient user balance" or "illegal order status". At this time, using custom exceptions (such as InsufficientBalanceException) can allow the caller to understand the nature of the error more clearly. To create a custom exception, you only need to inherit Exception or RuntimeException and provide a constructor with String parameters; if you need an unchecked exception,

Jul 23, 2025 am 02:05 AM

The Role of Java in Big Data and Apache Spark

JavamattersinBigDataduetoJVMecosystem,maturelibraries,andenterpriseadoption;2.JavapairspowerfullywithApacheSparkviafullAPIsupport,performanceparity,andseamlesstoolintegration;3.UseJavawithSparkwhenteamsknowJava,buildingenterpriseapps,needingconcurren

Jul 23, 2025 am 02:02 AM