How to use Java Websocket to implement online audio and video calls?
In today’s digital age, real-time communication is becoming more and more common. Whether it is remote collaboration at work or remote communication with relatives and friends at home, real-time audio and video calls have become an indispensable part of people. This article will introduce how to use Java Websocket to implement online audio and video calls, and provide specific code examples.
1. Understand Websocket
Websocket is a new protocol in HTML5, which provides full-duplex communication capabilities between the browser and the server. Compared with traditional HTTP requests, Websocket has lower latency and higher efficiency, and is suitable for real-time communication scenarios.
2. Build a Websocket server
First, we need to build a Websocket server to handle audio and video call requests. You can choose to use the WebSocket API in Java EE, or use third-party libraries such as Jetty. The following is a sample code for setting up a server using the WebSocket API in Java EE:
import javax.websocket.*;
import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
@ServerEndpoint("/video-call")
public class VideoCallServer {
private static Set<Session> sessions = new HashSet<>();
@OnOpen
public void onOpen(Session session) {
sessions.add(session);
}
@OnMessage
public void onMessage(String message, Session session) throws IOException {
for (Session s : sessions) {
if (!s.equals(session)) {
s.getBasicRemote().sendText(message);
}
}
}
@OnClose
public void onClose(Session session) {
sessions.remove(session);
}
}The above code creates a WebSocket server endpoint named /video-call and implements ## The #onOpen, onMessage, and onClose methods handle the logic of connections, message sending and receiving, and connection closing.
3. Front-end implementation
Next, we need to implement the audio and video call function in the front-end page. To simplify the example, WebRTC technology is used here to handle audio and video transmission. The following is a basic front-end page sample code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>視頻通話</title>
</head>
<body>
<video id="local-video" autoplay></video>
<video id="remote-video" autoplay></video>
<script>
var localVideo = document.getElementById("local-video");
var remoteVideo = document.getElementById("remote-video");
// 獲取本地媒體流，即攝像頭和麥克風(fēng)的輸入
navigator.getUserMedia = navigator.getUserMedia || navigator.webkitGetUserMedia || navigator.mozGetUserMedia;
navigator.getUserMedia({ video: true, audio: true }, function(localStream) {
// 在本地視頻元素上顯示本地媒體流
localVideo.srcObject = localStream;
var serverUrl = "ws://localhost:8080/video-call";
var websocket = new WebSocket(serverUrl);
websocket.onopen = function(event) {
// 將本地媒體流發(fā)送到服務(wù)器
websocket.send(JSON.stringify({ type: "stream", stream: localStream }));
};
websocket.onmessage = function(event) {
var data = JSON.parse(event.data);
if (data.type === "stream") {
// 在遠(yuǎn)程視頻元素上顯示遠(yuǎn)程媒體流
remoteVideo.srcObject = data.stream;
}
};
}, function(error) {
console.log("獲取本地媒體流失敗：" + error);
});
</script>
</body>
</html>The above code uses the
getUserMedia method to obtain input from the local camera and microphone and send the local media stream to the server through Websocket. At the same time, receive the remote media stream sent by the server and display it on the corresponding
Run the above code, deploy the Websocket server in the local Tomcat, and then access the front-end page
http://localhost:8080/video-call to make online audio and video calls.
Summary:
This article introduces the steps of how to use Java Websocket to implement online audio and video calls, and provides corresponding code examples. By studying this article, readers can master the basic principles and technical implementation of using Java Websocket to achieve real-time communication. Hope it helps readers!
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