Web standards are a set of specifications and guidelines developed by W3C and other related organizations. It includes standardization of HTML, CSS, JavaScript, DOM, Web accessibility and performance optimization. By following these standards, It can improve the compatibility, accessibility, maintainability and performance of the page. The goal of web standards is to enable web content to be displayed and interacted consistently on different platforms, browsers and devices, providing better user experience and development efficiency.

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Web standards are a set of specifications and guidelines developed by the W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) and other relevant organizations to ensure the interoperability, accessibility, and sustainability of Web technology. The goal of web standards is to enable web content to be displayed and interacted consistently on different platforms, browsers and devices, providing better user experience and development efficiency. Web standards include the following aspects:

1. HTML (Hypertext Markup Language): HTML is a standard markup language used to create Web pages. HTML defines the structure and content of a page, including titles, paragraphs, links, images and other elements. The standardization of HTML allows different browsers to correctly parse and render pages, ensuring consistent display of pages on different devices.

2. CSS (Cascading Style Sheets): CSS is a standard language used to describe page style and layout. Through CSS, developers can define the color, font, layout, animation and other styles of the page. The standardization of CSS makes it easier for developers to control the appearance and style of the page, while also improving the accessibility and maintainability of the page.

3. JavaScript: JavaScript is a scripting language used to add interactive and dynamic functionality to web pages. The standardization of JavaScript ensures consistency in how different browsers interpret and execute JavaScript, allowing developers to write reliable, maintainable cross-browser scripts.

4. DOM (Document Object Model): DOM is a standard interface for representing and manipulating HTML and XML documents. Through the DOM, developers can use scripting languages ??such as JavaScript to access and modify the content, structure, and style of the page. The standardization of DOM ensures the consistency of how different browsers implement DOM, allowing developers to write cross-browser scripts.

5. Web Accessibility: Web accessibility refers to the ability to make Web content and functions accessible to everyone. Web standards include a series of guidelines and technologies used to ensure that Web content is accessible and usable for users with disabilities, the elderly, and other special groups.

6. Web performance optimization: Web standards also include some guiding principles and techniques for Web performance optimization. By following these standards, developers can optimize page loading speed, response time, and resource utilization to provide a better user experience.

The importance of Web standards is reflected in the following aspects:

1. Cross-browser compatibility: Web standards ensure consistent display and interaction of pages on different browsers. Developers can write code according to standards, reduce compatibility issues for different browsers, and improve development efficiency and user experience.

2. Accessibility: Web standard accessibility guidelines and technologies enable users with disabilities and other special groups to access and use Web content without barriers. This helps build an inclusive Web environment so that more people can equally access information and participate in the Internet.

3. Maintainability: Following web standards can improve the maintainability and reusability of code. By using standardized HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, developers can more easily modify, extend, and maintain code, reducing code redundancy and complexity.

4. Performance optimization: The performance optimization guiding principles and techniques in Web standards can help developers improve page loading speed, response time and resource utilization. This helps improve user experience and reduce users' waiting time and data consumption.

In short, web standards are a set of specifications and guidelines used to ensure the interoperability, accessibility, and sustainability of web technologies. It includes standardization of HTML, CSS, JavaScript, DOM, web accessibility and performance optimization. By following these standards, the compatibility, accessibility, maintainability and performance of the page can be improved. At the same time, Web standards also help build an inclusive Web environment so that more people can equally access information and participate in the Internet.

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