RPC service based on ThinkPHP6 and Swoole to implement service routing and load balancing

Introduction:
With the rapid development of the Internet, distributed systems have become increasingly important . When our system needs to scale horizontally, the RPC (Remote Procedure Call)-based approach is a good choice. RPC allows us to easily split services into independent modules and communicate over the network. This article will introduce how to use ThinkPHP6 and Swoole to implement RPC-based service routing and load balancing.

1. Environment setup
Before we start, we need to prepare the following environment:

1. PHP: Make sure your system has PHP installed and the version is higher than 7.3.
2. Composer: Composer is a dependency management tool for PHP. Please make sure you have Composer installed.
3. Swoole extension: We need to install the Swoole extension, which can be installed through the composer require swoole/swoole command.

2. Overview
Our goal is to build an RPC service based on ThinkPHP6 and Swoole so that different modules can communicate through RPC. In order to achieve load balancing, we will use the HTTP Server provided by Swoole to act as a routing server to distribute requests to back-end service nodes.

3. Create HTTP Server
First, we need to create a Swoole HTTP Server to act as a routing server. Create a rpc_server.php file in the root directory of your project and write the following code:

use SwooleHttpServer;
use SwooleHttpRequest;
use SwooleHttpResponse;

$http = new Server("0.0.0.0", 9501);

$http->on('request', function (Request $request, Response $response) {
    // 處理請(qǐng)求并分發(fā)到對(duì)應(yīng)的服務(wù)節(jié)點(diǎn)
});

$http->start();

4. Implement the RPC service
Next, we need to create the RPC service. We use ThinkPHP6 as the framework and initiate RPC requests through Swoole's CoroutineHttpClient.

First, create a Rpc directory in the project, and create a Service directory under this directory to store the code of the service node. Create a TestService.php file in the Service directory and write the following code:

namespace apppcservice;

class TestService
{
    public function test()
    {
        return 'Hello, World!';
    }
}

Next, create a Rpc directory Server.php file, and write the following code:

namespace apppc;

class Server
{
    public function handle($request)
    {
        // 解析請(qǐng)求，獲取要調(diào)用的服務(wù)和方法
        $service = $request['service'];
        $method = $request['method'];
        
        // 根據(jù)服務(wù)名調(diào)用對(duì)應(yīng)的服務(wù)節(jié)點(diǎn)
        $className = '\app\rpc\service\'.$service;
        $instance = new $className();
        $result = $instance->$method();
        
        // 返回結(jié)果
        return $result;
    }
}

5. Process the request in the routing server
Now we can go back to the rpc_server.php file , write the code to handle the request in the handleRequest function. We need to parse the service name and method name in the request and forward the request to the corresponding RPC service node. The code is as follows:

use SwooleHttpServer;
use SwooleHttpRequest;
use SwooleHttpResponse;

$http = new Server("0.0.0.0", 9501);

$http->on('request', function (Request $request, Response $response) {
    $requestData = json_decode($request->rawContent(), true);
    
    // 解析服務(wù)名和方法名
    $service = $requestData['service'];
    $method = $requestData['method'];
    
    // 轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)請(qǐng)求給對(duì)應(yīng)的RPC服務(wù)節(jié)點(diǎn)
    $client = new SwooleCoroutineHttpClient('127.0.0.1', 9502);
    $client->post('/rpc', json_encode($requestData));
    $response->end($client->body);
});

$http->start();

6. Configure routing and load balancing
Finally, we need to configure routing and load balancing. Write the following code in the rpc_server.php file:

use SwooleHttpServer;
use SwooleHttpRequest;
use SwooleHttpResponse;
use SwooleCoroutineHttpClient;

$http = new Server("0.0.0.0", 9501);

$http->on('request', function (Request $request, Response $response) {
    // 路由配置，可以根據(jù)請(qǐng)求的URL中的信息進(jìn)行路由和負(fù)載均衡選擇
    $routes = [
        '/test' => [
            'host' => '127.0.0.1',
            'port' => 9502,
        ],
    ];
    
    // 獲取請(qǐng)求路徑，并根據(jù)路徑選擇對(duì)應(yīng)的服務(wù)節(jié)點(diǎn)
    $path = $request->server['path_info'];
    $route = $routes[$path];
    
    // 轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)請(qǐng)求給對(duì)應(yīng)的RPC服務(wù)節(jié)點(diǎn)
    $client = new Client($route['host'], $route['port']);
    $client->post('/rpc', $request->rawContent());
    $response->end($client->body);
});

$http->start();

7. Test
Now, we can test. Start the routing server and RPC service node, and visit http://localhost:9501/test in the browser. You will see that the returned result is "Hello, World!".

8. Summary
This article introduces how to use ThinkPHP6 and Swoole to implement RPC-based service routing and load balancing. Through Swoole's HTTP Server and CoroutineHttpClient, we can easily build a distributed system that supports RPC communication. Hope this article is helpful to you.

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