How to use Python to implement the user management function of the CMS system

With the rapid development of the Internet and information technology, content management systems (CMS) have become the core of many websites. A stable and reliable CMS system can not only help website administrators manage content efficiently, but also provide good user management functions. This article will introduce how to use Python to implement the user management function of the CMS system, and attach corresponding code examples.

1. Preparation

Before we start, we need to install Python and related development tools. In this article, we will use the Flask framework to build a CMS system, so we need to install Flask and the package management tool pip corresponding to Flask.

$ pip install Flask

2. Create a Flask application

First, we need to create a basic Flask application. Create a file named app.py in the root directory of the application and add the following code:

from flask import Flask

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route("/")
def index():
    return "Welcome to CMS system."

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run()

In the above code, we created a Flask application and defined a homepage Route /, when the user accesses the home page of the site, a welcome message will be returned.

3. Add user model

CMS system requires a user model to store user-related information. We can create a User class to represent the user and store it in the database. Create a file named models.py in the root directory of the application and add the following code:

from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy

db = SQLAlchemy()

class User(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    username = db.Column(db.String(50), unique=True, nullable=False)
    password = db.Column(db.String(100), nullable=False)
    email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<User {self.username}>"

In the above code, we use the Flask extension plug-in Flask-SQLAlchemy to define the database model. The User class contains fields such as the user's id, username, password, and email.

4. Set up the database connection

In the app.py file, add the following code to configure the database connection:

app.config["SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI"] = "sqlite:///cms.db"

db.init_app(app)

Above In the code, we use SQLite database as an example, you can use other databases such as MySQL or PostgreSQL.

5. Create database

Run the following command in the terminal to create the database:

$ python
from app import db
db.create_all()
exit()

6. Create registration route

In the app.py file, add the following code to create a route for user registration:

from flask import render_template, request, redirect, url_for

@app.route("/register", methods=["GET", "POST"])
def register():
    if request.method == "POST":
        username = request.form.get("username")
        password = request.form.get("password")
        email = request.form.get("email")

        user = User(username=username, password=password, email=email)
        db.session.add(user)
        db.session.commit()

        return redirect(url_for("index"))

    return render_template("register.html")

In the above code, we obtain user registration through request.form Relevant information in the form and store user information in the database. After registration is completed, the application will jump to the home page.

7. Create login route

In the app.py file, add the following code to create the route for user login:

@app.route("/login", methods=["GET", "POST"])
def login():
    if request.method == "POST":
        username = request.form.get("username")
        password = request.form.get("password")

        user = User.query.filter_by(username=username, password=password).first()

        if user:
            # 用戶登錄成功
            return redirect(url_for("index"))

    return render_template("login.html")

In the above code, we obtain the relevant information in the user login form through request.form, and verify the user information by querying the database. If the verification is successful, jump to the home page.

8. Create the user list route

In the app.py file, add the following code to create the user list route:

@app.route("/users")
def users():
    all_users = User.query.all()
    return render_template("users.html", users=all_users)

In this route, we get all the users from the database and pass them to the template file users.html.

9. Create template files

Create a folder named templates in the root directory of the application, and create the following under the folder Template file:

• register.html:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>User Registration</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>User Registration</h1>
    <form action="{{ url_for('register') }}" method="post">
      <input type="text" name="username" placeholder="Username" required><br><br>
      <input type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password" required><br><br>
      <input type="email" name="email" placeholder="Email" required><br><br>
      <input type="submit" value="Register">
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

• login.html:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>User Login</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>User Login</h1>
    <form action="{{ url_for('login') }}" method="post">
      <input type="text" name="username" placeholder="Username" required><br><br>
      <input type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password" required><br><br>
      <input type="submit" value="Login">
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

• users.html：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>User List</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>User List</h1>
    <table>
      <tr>
        <th>Username</th>
        <th>Email</th>
      </tr>
      {% for user in users %}
      <tr>
        <td>{{ user.username }}</td>
        <td>{{ user.email }}</td>
      </tr>
      {% endfor %}
    </table>
  </body>
</html>

10. Run the application

Run the following command in the terminal to start Application:

$ python app.py

Now, you can access the CMS system by visiting http://localhost:5000 and perform user registration, login and view user list.

This article introduces how to use Python to implement the user management function of the CMS system and provides corresponding code examples. You can expand and improve these sample codes to implement more CMS system functions. I hope this article can help you understand and apply Python to user management functions in CMS system development.

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