Workerman Network Programming Practice: Creating a High-Performance Instant Messaging System

Introduction:
With the rapid development of the Internet, instant messaging systems have attracted more and more attention from users. Traditional instant messaging systems, such as QQ, WeChat, etc., often face performance bottlenecks when the number of users is large and messages are highly concurrent. In order to solve this problem, the open source project Workerman came into being. This article will introduce how to use Workerman to build a high-performance instant messaging system.

1. Introduction to Workerman
   Workerman is a high-performance network communication framework developed based on PHP. Compared with traditional PHP operating modes, such as Apache, Nginx, etc., Workerman adopts a fully asynchronous and non-blocking operating mode, which greatly improves the efficiency of network communication. At the same time, Workerman supports multiple protocols, such as TCP, UDP, etc., allowing us to choose flexibly according to different needs. In addition, Workerman also has excellent support for high concurrency and can easily cope with the pressure of a large number of users.
2. Preparation
   To start developing our instant messaging system, we first need to install Workerman. It can be installed through the following command:

composer require workerman/workerman

After the installation is completed, we can use all the functions of Workerman.

3. Create TCP server
   We first create a simple TCP server, listening on the specified port. When a user connects to the server, the server returns a welcome message and receives messages sent by the user. The following is a simple code example:

use WorkermanWorker;

// 創(chuàng)建一個Worker監(jiān)聽端口
$tcp_worker = new Worker("tcp://0.0.0.0:1234");

// 當客戶端連接時的回調函數
$tcp_worker->onConnect = function ($connection) {
    $connection->send("Welcome to the chat room!
");
};

// 當接收到客戶端消息時的回調函數
$tcp_worker->onMessage = function ($connection, $data) {
    // 處理接收到的消息
    echo "Received message: " . $data . "
";
    $connection->send("You said: " . $data . "
");
};

// 啟動Worker
Worker::runAll();

With the above code, we create a TCP Worker listening on port 1234. When a client connects to the server, the server sends a welcome message. When the client sends a message, the server returns the message unchanged. You can use tools such as Telnet to connect to the server for testing.

4. Create WebSocket Server
   WebSocket is a full-duplex communication protocol that can establish a persistent connection between the client and the server. Workerman supports the WebSocket protocol, and we can use Workerman to create a WebSocket server. The following is a simple code example:

use WorkermanWorker;
use WorkermanProtocolsWebsocket;

// 創(chuàng)建一個WebSocket Worker監(jiān)聽端口
$websocket_worker = new Worker("websocket://0.0.0.0:1234");

// 設置協(xié)議處理類
$websocket_worker->onWebSocketConnect = function ($connection, $http_header) {
    // 處理握手請求
    Websocket::dealHandshake($connection, $http_header);
    // 發(fā)送歡迎消息
    $connection->send("Welcome to the chat room!
");
};

// 當接收到客戶端消息時的回調函數
$websocket_worker->onMessage = function ($connection, $data) {
    // 處理接收到的消息
    echo "Received message: " . $data . "
";
    $connection->send("You said: " . $data . "
");
};

// 啟動Worker
Worker::runAll();

With the above code, we create a WebSocket Worker listening on port 1234. When a client connects to the server, the server sends a welcome message. When the client sends a message, the server returns the message unchanged.

5. Implement instant messaging system
   With the above foundation, we can continue to implement a more complete instant messaging system. We use the WebSocket protocol for development here.

First, create a WebSocket server listening on the specified port. When a user connects to the server, the server will add the connection to the user list and broadcast the message that the user has entered the chat room; when the user sends a message, the server will broadcast the message to all online users; when the user disconnects, the server Removes them from the user list and broadcasts a message that the user has left the chat room.

The following is a simple code example:

use WorkermanWorker;
use WorkermanProtocolsWebsocket;

// 創(chuàng)建一個WebSocket Worker監(jiān)聽端口
$websocket_worker = new Worker("websocket://0.0.0.0:1234");

// 設置協(xié)議處理類
$websocket_worker->onWebSocketConnect = function ($connection, $http_header) {
    // 處理握手請求
    Websocket::dealHandshake($connection, $http_header);

    // 將連接添加到用戶列表中
    global $user_list;
    $user_list[$connection->id] = $connection;

    // 廣播用戶進入聊天室的消息
    broadcastMessage("User #$connection->id entered the chat room.
");
};

// 當接收到客戶端消息時的回調函數
$websocket_worker->onMessage = function ($connection, $data) {
    // 處理接收到的消息
    broadcastMessage("User #$connection->id: $data");
};

// 當用戶斷開連接時的回調函數
$websocket_worker->onClose = function ($connection) {
    // 將連接從用戶列表中移除
    global $user_list;
    unset($user_list[$connection->id]);

    // 廣播用戶離開聊天室的消息
    broadcastMessage("User #$connection->id left the chat room.");
};

// 啟動Worker
Worker::runAll();

// 廣播消息給所有在線用戶
function broadcastMessage($message)
{
    global $user_list;
    foreach ($user_list as $connection) {
        $connection->send($message);
    }
}

Through the above code, we have implemented a simple instant messaging system. Whenever a new user enters the chat room, sends a message, or leaves the chat room, the server broadcasts the corresponding message to all online users.

Conclusion:
In this article, we use the Workerman framework and demonstrate how to build a high-performance instant messaging system through simple sample code. With Workerman's asynchronous non-blocking operation mode and support for high concurrency, we can easily cope with the pressure of a large number of users. I hope that through the introduction of this article, readers can have a deeper understanding of Workerman and be able to apply it in actual projects.

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