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Home php教程 PHP開發(fā) Network transfer protocol (http protocol)

Network transfer protocol (http protocol)

Dec 06, 2016 pm 02:02 PM
http

Overview: Refers to the constraints and specifications for communication between the server and the client. The data interaction between the client and the server is not messy and needs to follow (based on) certain specifications.

Common protocols:

a) HTTP、HTTPS 超文本傳輸協(xié)議
 
b) FTP 文件傳輸協(xié)議
 
c) SMTP 簡單郵件傳輸協(xié)議

This article mainly introduces the http hypertext transfer protocol.

1. HTTP protocol

is the Hypertext Transfer Protocol. The website is based on the HTTP protocol. For example, the images, CSS, JS, etc. of the website are all transmitted based on the HTTP protocol. The HTTP protocol is constrained and standardized by the request (Request) from the client to the server and the response (Response) from the server to the client. Commonly used request methods are: GET, POST, PUT, DELETE. 2. Request -Request message:

a) The request is initiated by the client, and its standard format is: request line, request header, and request body. For example:

b) Request message line: composed of request method, request URL and protocol version

c) Request message header

Host:localhost請求的主機
Cache-Control:max-age=0控制緩存(no-cache| no-store)
Accept:*/* 接受的文檔MIME類型
User-Agent:向訪問網站提供你所使用的瀏覽器類型、操作系統(tǒng)及版本、CPU 類型、瀏覽器渲染引擎、瀏覽器語言、瀏覽器插件等信息的標識. 瀏覽器UA 字串的標準格式為: 瀏覽器標識 (操作系統(tǒng)標識; 加密等級標識; 瀏覽器語言) 渲染引擎標識 版本信息
Referer:從哪個URL跳轉過來的
Accept-Encoding:可接受的壓縮格式
Network transfer protocol (http protocol)

d) Request message body: that is passed to the server Data

Note: When submitting the form in the form of post, Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded will be set in the request header, but this setting is not required when requesting in the form of get

3. Response -Response message:

a) The response is sent by the server, and its standard format is: status line, response header, response body

b) Response header:

Date:響應時間
Server:服務器信息
Content-Length:響應主體長度
Content-Type:響應資源的MIME類型
Network transfer protocol (http protocol)

c) Response body: that is Content returned by the server to the client

d) Status code:

Common status codes are: 200---The server successfully returned the web page, 304---The document has not been modified, 403---No permission, 404 ---The requested web page does not exist, 500---server error, 503---service unavailable

Explanation: The client and server transmit data in byte form, which can be understood as text Form transmission, then the browser needs to know clearly how to parse these text-form data. MIME clearly tells the browser how to process itNetwork transfer protocol (http protocol)

There are many knowledge points about the http protocol. This article only introduces its transmission. Approximate process. Learning and understanding its components is to better understand ajax.


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