How to add subtitles to a video using the track element in HTML
Aug 03, 2025 pm 12:48 PMAdding subtitles to videos using HTML requires the <track> element in the
Adding subtitles to a video in HTML is straightforward using the <track></track>
element alongside the <video></video>
tag. This method allows you to provide timed text tracks such as subtitles or captions, improving accessibility and user experience.

How the <track></track>
Element Works
The <track></track>
element is used inside a <video></video>
tag to specify external text tracks. It supports several kinds of text content, but for subtitles, you'll typically use kind="subtitles"
.
Here's the basic syntax:

<video controls> <source src="movie.mp4" type="video/mp4"> <track src="subtitles_en.vtt" kind="subtitles" srclang="en" label="English" default> Your browser does not support the video tag. </video>
Required Attributes for Subtitles
To make subtitles work correctly, you need to set a few key attributes on the <track>
element:
-
src
: The URL of the WebVTT file (eg,subtitles_en.vtt
) -
kind
: Set to"subtitles"
to indicate this track contains subtitles -
srclang
: The language of the subtitles (eg,"en"
for English,"es"
for Spanish) -
label
: A user-readable label showed in the player's menu (eg, "English") -
default
(optional) : Indicates this track should be enabled by default if the user's browser settings don't specify a preference
Note: The
default
attribute should only be used on one track to avoid conflicts.
Creating a WebVTT File
The subtitle file must be in WebVTT format (Web Video Text Tracks), which is a plain text format with time cues and text to display.
Example: subtitles_en.vtt
WEBVTT 1 00:00:01.000 --> 00:00:04.000 Hello, welcome to this video. 2 00:00:05.000 --> 00:00:08.000 Here we explain how to add subtitles.
Make sure:
- The file starts with
WEBVTT
(followed by a blank line) - Time format is
HH:MM:SS.mmm
→HH:MM:SS.mmm
- There's a blank line between cues
- The file is saved with UTF-8 encoding
Multiple Subtitle Languages
You can offer subtitles in multiple languages by adding more <track>
elements:
<video controls> <source src="movie.mp4" type="video/mp4"> <track src="subtitles_en.vtt" kind="subtitles" srclang="en" label="English" default> <track src="subtitles_es.vtt" kind="subtitles" srclang="es" label="Spanish"> <track src="subtitles_fr.vtt" kind="subtitles" srclang="fr" label="French"> </video>
Users can switch between languages using the video player's subtitle menu (available in most modern browsers).
Important Notes
- The WebVTT file must be hosted on the same domain or served with proper CORS headers if hosted externally.
- Browsers may not display subtitles if the video is not played with user interaction (eg, autoplay restrictions).
- Always test across browsers—support is good in modern ones, but styling and positioning of subtitles can vary.
Basically, with a proper WebVTT file and the right <track></track>
attributes, adding subtitles becomes simple and effective.
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