When encountering the "INACCESSIBLE BOOT DEVICE" error, first check whether the power cord and data cable of the hard disk or SSD are tightly plugged in. 1. Re-plug and unplug the cable of the SATA device, and check the installation and cleaning of the M.2 SSD; 2. If it is a laptop, try to remove the back cover to clean the memory and hard disk slot; 3. Enter the command prompt through the Windows installation USB disk, run bootrec and chkdsk and other commands to repair the system files; 4. Enter the BIOS to switch the hard disk mode from RAID to AHCI, and update the BIOS to support new storage devices; In addition, try to enter safe mode to uninstall the recently updated incompatible driver, especially the graphics card or storage controller driver. In most cases, the problem is caused by the driver or connection. If it is invalid, it may be that the hard disk is damaged and needs to be replaced.

If you encounter the error "INACCESSIBLE BOOT DEVICE", it usually means that Windows cannot access the hard disk or SSD required for system boot during startup. This problem can be caused by a variety of reasons, such as driver problems, hardware connection failure, or system files corruption. Here are some common and effective solutions.

1. Check the hardware connection

If you are using a desktop computer, you can first try opening the chassis and check whether the power cord and data cable of the hard disk or SSD are tightly plugged in. Sometimes the wire is loose and the system cannot recognize the device.

• SATA interface device: re-plug and unplug the SATA data cable and power cable.
• M.2 SSD: Check whether the installation is stable and whether there is any accumulation of dust to affect contact.
• If it is a laptop, you can try to remove the back cover and clean the memory stick and hard disk slot (although it is not a memory problem, similar operations can sometimes solve the problem).

If this problem occurs when installing the external hard disk system, it is recommended to change to the built-in method to test it.

2. Enter safe mode to uninstall the recently updated driver

This error is often caused by the incompatibility of newly installed drivers with hardware, especially graphics card drivers or storage controller drivers.

The operation steps are as follows:

• Insert the Windows installation USB drive and go to "Repair Computer" > "Troubleshooting" > "Advanced Options" > "Command Prompt"
• Enter net use to view the current drive letter allocation
• Assuming your system disk is C:, enter:

   bcdedit /set {default} bootmenupolicy legacy

• Then restart and press F8 repeatedly before the startup LOGO appears (some models need to open the traditional startup menu in the BIOS)
• Try to enter "Safe Mode"
• Find the recently updated driver (especially the display adapter and storage controller) in the Device Manager and right-click to select "Uninstall"

3. Use the command prompt to repair system files

If you cannot enter the system, you can go to the command prompt through the Windows installation USB drive to repair it:

• Insert the installation USB drive and boot from the USB drive
• Select Repair Computer > Troubleshoot > Advanced Options > Command Prompt
• Run the following commands in turn:

   bootrec /fixmbr
  bootrec /fixboot
  bootrec /rebuildbcd
  chkdsk /f /r
  sfc /scannow /offbootdir=C:\ /offwindir=C:\Windows

Note: Before executing the last command, you must confirm that the C drive is indeed the system drive, otherwise an error may be reported.

4. Update the BIOS and check the hard disk mode settings

Some motherboards use RAID mode by default, and the system is installed in AHCI mode, which can also cause this error.

• Enter the BIOS when powered on (usually Del, F2, F10 and other keys)
• Find Storage Configuration or similar options
• Switch hard disk mode from RAID to AHCI
• Save Exit and restart

In addition, some old motherboards need to upgrade the BIOS to support new models of hard drives or NVMe SSDs.

Basically these common ways of dealing with it. You can troubleshoot step by step according to your situation, most of the time it is caused by driver or connection problems. If you try it all but it doesn't work, it may be that there is a problem with the hard drive itself, so you have to consider replacing the hardware.

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