Full-stack development uses a combination of Java, Spring Boot and React to efficiently build enterprise-level applications. 1. Java Spring Boot is responsible for back-end RESTful API, business logic, data persistence and security control, 2. React is responsible for front-end SPA interface, component development and state management, 3. The project structure should be separated from the front-end directories, independently developed and deployed, and solved cross-domain through CORS or agents. 4. During development, the back-end uses Spring Boot to quickly build the API and configure JWT authentication, the front-end uses React to call the interface and encapsulate the service module, 5. During the joint debugging stage, CORS problems can be avoided through proxy, and the production environment can choose to separate front-end deployment or front-end static files embedded in the back-end, 6. Best practices include the use of DTO, unified exception handling, Swagger documentation, front-end loading prompts, code specification tools and environment variable management. The architecture has clear responsibilities and strong scalability, suitable for medium and large systems and can effectively improve development collaboration efficiency.

Full-stack development uses Java, Spring Boot, and React, which are very popular combinations in modern enterprise-level applications. It combines the stability of the Java ecosystem with high-performance backend capabilities, as well as the powerful flexibility of React to build dynamic user interfaces on the front end. The following is to help you clarify how to build a complete full-stack application using these three aspects from the aspects of architecture, technical division of labor, development process and best practices.

1. The division of roles in the technology stack

• Java Spring Boot : Responsible for backend services

  • Provide RESTful API interface
  • Handle business logic, data verification, security control (such as JWT authentication)
  • Connect to databases (such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB)
  • Use Spring Data JPA or MyBatis to operate data
  • Support enterprise-level features such as dependency injection, AOP, and transaction management

• React : Responsible for the front-end user interface

  
  • Build a single page application (SPA)
  • Calling backend API via fetch or axios
  • Use React Router to implement page navigation
  • Status management can be managed using the Context API or Redux Toolkit
  • Support component development to improve reusability and maintainability

2. Project structure suggestions

A typical split-type full-stack project structure is as follows:

 my-fullstack-app/
├── backend/ # Spring Boot Project│ ├── src/main/java/com/example/demo/
│ │ ├── controller/ # REST controller│ │ ├── service/ # Business logic │ ├── repository/ # Data access │ ├── model/ # Entity class │ └── DemoApplication.java
└── pom.xml # Maven configuration│
├── frontend/ # React project│ ├── public/
│ ├── src/
│ │ ├── components/ # Reusable UI components│ │ ├── pages/ # Page-level components│ │ ├── services/ # API request encapsulation│ │ ├── App.js
│ └── index.js
│ └── package.json

Front and back ends are independently developed and deployed independently, allowing cross-domain communication through CORS configuration.

3. Key points of practical development process

Backend: Spring Boot Quickly build REST API

 @RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/users")
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @GetMapping
    public List<User> getAllUsers() {
        return userService.findAll();
    }

    @PostMapping
    public User createUser(@RequestBody User user) {
        return userService.save(user);
    }
}

• Add @CrossOrigin annotation or global configuration to allow front-end domain access
• Use Spring Security JWT to implement login authentication
• Improve development hot restart efficiency with Spring Boot DevTools

Front-end: React calls back-end interface

 // services/api.js
import axios from 'axios';
export const fetchUsers = () => axios.get('/api/users');

// components/UserList.js
import React, { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
import { fetchUsers } from '../services/api';

function UserList() {
  const [users, setUsers] = useState([]);

  useEffect(() => {
    fetchUsers()
      .then(res => setUsers(res.data))
      .catch(err => console.error(err));
  }, []);

  Return (
    <ul>
      {users.map(user => <li key={user.id}>{user.name}</li>)}
    </ul>
  );
}

• Quick initialization with create-react-app or Vite
• Encapsulate API requests to standalone service modules
• Loading status and error handling must be in place to improve user experience

4. Joint commissioning and deployment suggestions

• Local joint commissioning

  • Start Spring Boot service (default http://localhost:8080 )
  • Start the React development server (default http://localhost:3000 )
  • Configuring proxy in package.json to avoid CORS issues:

     "proxy": "http://localhost:8080"

  • Production deployment method one: front-end and back-end separation deployment

    • The backend is jar packaged and deployed on the server (such as cloud hosts, Docker containers)
    • Front-end npm run build generates static files, deployed to Nginx/Apache/CDN
    • Configure Nginx reverse proxy API requests to the backend port

  • Deployment method 2: Front-end packaging and embedding back-end (optional)

    • Put build directory after React is built into Spring Boot's src/main/resources/static
    • The access path automatically returns to the front-end page, and the API is still processed by the controller
    • Suitable for small projects and simplify deployment

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  5. FAQs and Best Practices

  • ? Isolate the front and back end data structures using DTO (Data Transfer Object)
  • ? Unified exception handling ( @ControllerAdvice custom error code)
  • ? Swagger (Springfox or OpenAPI) for interface documents
  • ? Status prompt for loading and error in front-end
  • ? Use ESLint Prettier to ensure the unified code style
  • ? Environment variables distinguish dev/test/prod ( .env file Spring Profiles)

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  Basically these core contents. This technology combination is suitable for medium and large systems, with strong scalability and good community support. Although the learning curve is slightly steep, once mastered, it can be competent for most enterprise-level web application development tasks. The key is to clarify the responsibilities of the front and back ends, and the interface agreement is clear, so that the collaboration will be smooth.

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