Create a website directory and add a test page; 2. Create a virtual host configuration file under /etc/apache2/sites-available/, set ServerName, DocumentRoot, etc.; 3. Use a2ensite to enable the site, disable the default site, and reload Apache after testing the configuration; 4. Add a domain name in /etc/hosts during local testing and point to 127.0.0.1; after completing the above steps, visit example.com to see the website content, and the virtual host configuration is successful.
Configuring a virtual host in Apache allows you to host multiple websites on a single server, each with its own domain or IP. This is commonly used in development environments or production servers. Here's how to set it up on a typical Linux system (like Ubuntu or CentOS) using Apache.

1. Prepare Your Site Directory
First, create a directory for your website and add a test page.
sudo mkdir -p /var/www/example.com/html sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /var/www/example.com/html
Create a simple index.html
:

<!-- /var/www/example.com/html/index.html --> <html> <head><title>Example Site</title></head> <body><h1>Welcome to example.com!</h1></body> </html>
2. Create a Virtual Host Configuration File
On Ubuntu/Debian systems, virtual hosts are typically stored in /etc/apache2/sites-available/
.
Create a config file:

sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/example.com.conf
Add the following configuration:
<VirtualHost *:80> ServerName example.com ServerAlias www.example.com DocumentRoot /var/www/example.com/html <Directory /var/www/example.com/html> Options -Indexes FollowSymLinks AllowOverride All Require all granted </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/example.com_error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/example.com_access.log combined </VirtualHost>
Replace
example.com
with your actual domain. If testing locally, you can use a placeholder liketest.local
.
3. Enable the Site and Reload Apache
Enable the site using a2ensite
(available on Debian/Ubuntu):
sudo a2ensite example.com.conf
Disable the default site if needed:
sudo a2dissite 000-default.conf
Then test the configuration:
sudo apache2ctl configtest
If you see "Syntax OK", reload Apache:
sudo systemctl reload apache2
4. Update Hosts File (For Local Testing)
If you're testing locally and not using a real domain, edit your local machine's hosts file:
sudo nano /etc/hosts
Add:
127.0.0.1 example.com 127.0.0.1 www.example.com
Now, visiting http://example.com
in your browser should show your site.
Notes:
- For CentOS/RHEL , virtual hosts go in
/etc/httpd/conf.d/
as.conf
files, and you don't usea2ensite
. Just drop the file and restart Apache:
sudo systemctl restart httpd
- To support HTTPS , you'll need an SSL certificate (eg, from Let's Encrypt) and a second
<virtualhost></virtualhost>
block. - Make sure the
DocumentRoot
path exists and Apache has read access.
That's it — your virtual host is configured. You can repeat these steps for additional sites. Just remember to enable each one and reload Apache.
The above is the detailed content of How to configure a virtual host in Apache?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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