<template> is a lazy container in HTML for storing unreleased content. The browser does not parse its internal structure or load resources until it is explicitly inserted into the DOM through JavaScript. Its advantages include better performance, safer, and clearer semantics. The steps are: 1. Define the template content; 2. Get the template content (via .content); 3. Insert the page using document.importNode(); it is also widely used in modern frameworks such as Vue and is compatible with mainstream browsers.
The HTML <template></template> tag you may have heard of, or you may have seen it occasionally in projects, but most people don't know much about it. In fact, it is a very practical tag, especially when you need to reuse HTML fragments, it can help us save a lot of trouble in DOM operations.
Simply put, <template></template> is a container used to store "unrendered content". The browser will not parse the structure inside, nor will it trigger resource loading or script execution until you manually insert it into the page. This is especially useful in building dynamic content, component development, or front-end templates.
What is the <template></template> tag?
The <template></template> tag is essentially a lazy container . You can put any HTML content in it, but it is "invisible" by default. That is, even if you write <script></script> or <img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/000/000/000/175382071586312.jpeg" class="lazy" alt="Deep Dive into HTML `template` Tag" > in it, they won't be executed or loaded immediately.
for example:
<template id="myTemplate"> <div class="box">This is a template content</div> </template>
The above code will not be displayed on the page unless you take it out through JavaScript and insert it into the DOM.
Why use <template> instead of writing hidden elements directly?
Many people will ask: Why not just use display: none 's <div> to save template content? It looks like the same effect.
Actually, there are several key differences:
- Better performance : The content in
<template>will not be parsed and rendered by the browser, so style calculation, layout reordering and other operations will not be triggered. - Safer : The scripts inside will not run automatically, and the images will not load, avoiding unnecessary side effects.
- Semantic clarity : It explicitly means "this is a template", which is more readable and maintained than a hidden div.
For example, if you have a form item that needs to be generated multiple times, it would be more appropriate to put it in <template> .
How to use <template> ?
Using <template> is mainly divided into three steps:
- Define the template content;
- Get template content;
- Insert into the page.
Let’s take a look at a simple example:
<template id="userCard">
<div class="card">
<h3>Username: John</h3>
<p>Email: john@example.com</p>
</div>
</template>
<script>
const template = document.getElementById('userCard');
const clone = document.importNode(template.content, true);
document.body.appendChild(clone);
</script> This way, the template content is inserted into the page. Note that document.importNode() is used here, and the second parameter true represents a deep copy, otherwise only the first layer of node will be copied.
<template></template> Application in modern frameworks
Although <template></template> is a feature provided by native HTML, it can also be seen in modern frameworks such as Vue and React.
For example, in Vue, <template></template> in the .vue file is the structural part of the component. Although it will eventually be compiled into a render function, it is conceptually consistent with the native <template></template> .
You can even implement a simple <template></template> system in your own small project, such as:
- Define multiple
<template></template>blocks as different components; - Dynamically replace data through JS (can be replaced with placeholder regular);
- Insert into the page as needed.
Although this approach is not as powerful as the framework, it is very helpful for lightweight projects or learning purposes.
What should I pay attention to when using <template></template> ?
- Cannot access child nodes directly : document fragments must be obtained through the
.contentattribute; - Form submission is not supported : because the template content is not in the active document stream;
- Good compatibility : mainstream modern browsers support it, including Chrome, Firefox, Edge, and Safari;
If you want to be compatible with old browsers (such as IE), you have to consider a fallback solution or polyfill.
Basically that's it. <template></template> is not a complicated thing, but its existence makes front-end template processing more natural and efficient. It is actually a pity that many developers ignore it. Next time you encounter the need to repeatedly generate similar structures, you might as well give it a try.
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