Connecting Django to MySQL requires installation of dependencies, configuration of database information, processing permissions, and testing connections. 1. Install django, mysqlclient or PyMySQL. If you use the latter, you need to import and register in \_\_init\_\_.py; 2. Fill in DATABASES ENGINE, NAME, USER, PASSWORD, HOST and PORT correctly in settings.py; 3. Make sure that the corresponding database and user have been created in MySQL and grant access permissions; 4. Run the migrate command to test the connection, and if it fails, check dependencies, service status, remote access permissions and firewall settings.
Connecting Django to MySQL is actually not difficult, but some details are prone to errors. As long as the configuration is correct, the Django project can be run smoothly through the MySQL database.
Install the necessary dependencies
Before connecting, you need to make sure that your environment has Django and MySQL adapters installed. Django uses SQLite by default, so you need to manually install MySQL support.
- Install Django:
pip install django - Install mysqlclient (recommended) or PyMySQL:
-
pip install mysqlclient(recommended, better performance) - Or use
pip install pymysql
-
If you choose to use __init__.py , you also need to add:
import pymysql pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()
In this way, Django can recognize PyMySQL as the driver of MySQL.
Configure database settings in settings.py
Open the settings.py file in your Django project and modify it to the following format in the DATABASES field:
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'your_database_name',
'USER': 'your_database_user',
'PASSWORD': 'your_password',
'HOST': 'localhost', # or remote IP address 'PORT': '3306', # default port}
} Note that you replace it with your own database name, user name and password. If MySQL is running locally, write localhost for HOST ; if it is a remote server, fill in the corresponding IP.
Common errors:
- The database name is wrongly spelled
- Users do not have access permissions
- The port number is incorrect (such as blocked by a firewall)
Create database and user permissions
Don't forget to create corresponding databases and users in MySQL. You can log in to MySQL and execute:
CREATE DATABASE your_database_name; CREATE USER 'your_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'your_password'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON your_database_name.* TO 'your_user'@'localhost'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
In this way, Django can read and write the database normally. If Django reports an error and says "Access denied", it is likely that the permissions here are not matched.
Test whether the connection is successful
After completing the above steps, run python manage.py migrate . If the migration is executed smoothly, the connection is successful.
If an error is reported, you can check the following points first:
- Is the correct dependency installed?
- Is the database service running?
- Whether the database account has remote access permissions (especially when connecting remotely)
- Whether the firewall has released port 3306
Basically these are the operations. The configuration process looks simple, but it is easy to get stuck due to environmental differences or permission issues. When encountering problems, read more logs and check step by step will be more efficient.
The above is the detailed content of how to connect to mysql from django. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
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