Common Vue performance anti-patterns include: 1. unnecessary responsive data, 2. frequently executing functions in templates, 3. abuse of v-if and v-show, 4. excessive dependence on $emit and $root/$parent for component communication, 5. Ignore the correct use of key attributes; the corresponding optimization suggestions are: only set the really needed data as responsive and use Object.freeze(), replace template functions with computed attributes, use v-show to switch high-frequency v-if, use state management library to reduce coupling, and always use unique identifiers as key.
Vue is an efficient and flexible front-end framework, but in actual development, if you don’t pay attention to some common problems, you can easily fall into performance traps. Here are some common Vue performance anti-modes and corresponding optimization suggestions.
1. Unnecessary responsive data
Vue's responsive system is a highlight of it, but not all data is suitable for data or reactive . If you also process a large amount of static or non-responsive data in a responsive manner, it will increase unnecessary overhead.
suggestion:
- Put only data that really needs to respond to updates into
dataor usereactive - For data that is only used during initialization, it can be mounted directly to the component instance (such as
this.config = {...}) - Use
Object.freeze()to prevent Vue from converting large objects into responsive
For example:
data() {
return {
// This will become responsive items: Object.freeze(largeStaticList)
}
}2. Execute functions frequently in templates
Many people are used to calling methods or writing expressions directly in templates to process data, such as:
<div>{{ formatDate(item.date) }}</div>If the list is large, the function will be re-executeed every time the list is rendered, affecting performance.
suggestion:
- Use computed properties instead of function calls in templates
- Or process the formatted value during the data preparation stage
For example:
computed: {
formattedDate() {
return this.items.map(item => formatDate(item.date))
}
}This will only be calculated once unless the dependency changes.
3. Improper abuse of v-if and v-show
v-if is lazy, and the DOM will not be rendered when the condition is false; v-show is displayed and hidden through CSS display: none control.
Common misunderstandings:
- Use
v-ifwhen switching states frequently, resulting in repeated creation and destruction of components - Use
v-showto static content that is not always changed, waste memory
suggestion:
- If the switching frequency is high, use
v-showfirst - If the conditions rarely change, or there is a complex component structure inside, use
v-if
4. Component communication over-reliance on $emit and $root / $parent
Frequent $emit events between parent and child components, or directly accessing $root and $parent to operate data will increase the coupling degree of components, which will make the component more difficult to maintain, and may also cause performance problems.
suggestion:
- Keep clear data flows using props emit
- For cross-level communication, use the Vuex/Pinia state management library instead of passing it layer by layer
- Avoid directly modifying parent data in child components (such as
this.$parent.someData = xxx)
5. Ignore the correct use of key attributes
Vue relies on key to identify each node's identity when rendering a list. If the key is set incorrectly, it will cause component state to be confused or unnecessary re-rendering.
Common errors:
- Use index as key (especially in dynamic sorting or adding and deleting scenarios)
- Multiple elements use the same key value
suggestion:
- Use a unique identifier (such as id) as the key
- Try to avoid using indexes as keys for dynamic content
For example:
<div v-for="item in list" :key="item.id">{{ item.name }}</div>Basically, these common Vue performance anti-modes. Some seem small, but if it appears in high-frequency components or large projects, the impact cannot be ignored.
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