To use CSS Grid across columns, you need to control the number of columns across domains through grid-column attribute; 1. Use grid-column: 1 / 3 to represent the starting line 1 to the third line, span 2; 2. Use grid-column: 1 / span 2 to achieve the same effect and clarify the span; 3. Use grid-column: span 3 to automatically place the project and span 3 columns; 4. Use grid-column-start and grid-column-end to set the start and end lines respectively, such as grid-column-start: 2; grid-column-end: span 3; to represent the span 3 columns starting from the second line; 5. Use grid-column: 1 / -1 can span from the first column line to the last line, achieving a full-width layout. This method combines auto-fit or auto-fill for responsive design. The column lines start from 1 and support negative numbers. -1 represents the last line. After mastering the line-based thinking, the layout is more flexible and powerful.
To span columns in CSS Grid, you use the grid-column
property (or its shorthand parts grid-column-start
and grid-column-end
) to control how many columns an item should span across.

Here's how it works:
1. Using grid-column: start / end
You define where the column starts and where it ends (exclusive of the end line).

.item { grid-column: 1 / 3; }
This means the item starts at column line 1 and spans to column line 3 — so it takes up 2 columns .
You can also use span
to make it clearer:

.item { grid-column: 1 / span 2; }
This does the same thing: starts at line 1 and spans 2 columns .
2. Shortand with span
anywhere
You don't have to specify the start — you can let the grid auto-place and then say "span 3 columns":
.item { grid-column: span 3; }
This lets the item be placed automatically but take up 3 columns.
3. Using separate properties
You can also use the longhand versions:
.item { grid-column-start: 2; grid-column-end: 5; }
This spans from line 2 to line 5 (covers 3 columns).
Or with span
:
.item { grid-column-start: 2; grid-column-end: span 3; /* ends 3 columns after start */ }
Example layout
Say you have a 3-column grid:
.container { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr; gap: 10px; } .full-width { grid-column: 1 / -1; /* spans from first to last line */ }
Here, .full-width
spans all columns — from line 1 to the last line (which is -1
).
Key tips:
- Column lines are numbered starting from 1 (not 0).
- You can use negative numbers:
-1
is the last line. - Use
span
when you care more about width than exact placement. - Works great with responsive layouts when combined with
auto-fit
orauto-fill
.
So in short:
-
grid-column: 1 / 3;
→ spans 2 columns -
grid-column: span 2;
→ spans 2 columns, auto-placed -
grid-column: 2 / span 3;
→ starts at line 2, spans 3 -
grid-column: 1 / -1;
→ spans full width
That's basically it — flexible and powerful once you get the line-based thinking.
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