The key to making interactive HTML prototypes is to master the coordination of structure, style and behavior. 1. Use basic HTML to build structures, such as buttons and pop-up elements; 2. Use CSS to control state changes, replace frequent DOM operations through class switching, improve debugging efficiency; 3. Use native JS to achieve simple interaction, such as clicking to show or hide elements, keep the code lightweight; 4. Add animation to improve the experience, such as pop-ups fade in and out, but avoid excessive complexity. Through these steps, you can quickly verify ideas and demonstrate a clear process.
It is actually not difficult to make interactive HTML prototypes. The key is to cooperate well with structure, style and behavior so that the prototype can not only display the effect, but also simulate basic user operations. Don’t think that it’s too complicated as soon as you come up. Lay the foundation first and add details later.
Use basic HTML to match the structure, don't put frameworks at the beginning
Many people want to use Bootstrap or Tailwind at the beginning, but when making prototypes, they still recommend handwriting HTML structures at the beginning. This way you can be more clear about the role of each element.
For example, the interaction between a button and a pop-up window, you can write first:
<button id="openModal">Open pop-up window</button> <div id="modal" class="hidden"> <p>This is a pop-up content</p> <button id="closeModal">Close</button> </div>
Then use simple CSS to control the display and hide, JS bind the click event. This way you have a more control over the entire process and facilitate later replacement or adjustment.
Use CSS to control state changes, don't rely solely on JS operation class names
Many people like to have a bunch of classList.add and classList.remove in JS. In fact, you can use CSS pseudo-classes or switching classes to control the state, such as hover, focus, and active, which can be written in advance.
For example: drop-down menu
<div class="dropdown">
<button class="dropdown-toggle">Options</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu hidden">
<li>Option 1</li>
<li>Option 2</li>
</ul>
</div>CSS:
.dropdown-menu.hidden {
display: none;
}
.dropdown.open .dropdown-menu {
display: block;
} JS only needs to control whether there is an open class in the outer container, and there is no need to repeatedly operate the state of multiple nodes. Clear logic and easier to debug.
It's enough to implement simple interaction with native JS
Many people go to jQuery or Vue when they think of interaction, but it is not necessary to make prototypes. Native JS is perfectly enough, and it loads fast and has few dependencies.
For example, to switch:
document.getElementById('openModal').addEventListener('click', function () {
document.getElementById('modal').classList.remove('hidden');
});
document.getElementById('closeModal').addEventListener('click', function () {
document.getElementById('modal').classList.add('hidden');
});Although this writing style looks "rustic", it is better to be intuitive and lightweight. If you just want to demonstrate the changes after clicking, it's totally enough.
Tips:
- Encapsulate common functions into functions, such as
toggleClass(element, className) - Use
datasetto store temporary states to avoid global variable pollution - Don't be overly abstract, keep code readable first
Add points to improve the experience, but don't be too fancy
Adding a little CSS animation will make the prototype look more realistic, such as fading in and out, sliding expansion, etc. But be careful not to be too dazzling, which will affect the loading speed or distract attention.
For example, add a gradient to the pop-up window:
@keyframes fadeIn {
from { opacity: 0; }
to { opacity: 1; }
}
#modal.show {
animation: fadeIn 0.3s ease-in-out;
}This way users can feel interactive feedback and it also seems more professional.
Basically that's it. HTML prototypes are not about writing online code, but focus on quickly verifying ideas and presenting processes. A clear structure, reasonable interaction and easy to modify is a good prototype.
The above is the detailed content of Creating Interactive HTML Prototypes. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
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