Laravel's MVC architecture improves development efficiency and collaboration convenience by separating code into three parts: Model, View, and Controller. 1. Controller receives the request and returns a response, defined in the app/Http/Controllers directory, can be generated using the Artisan command, and the CRUD method can be automatically generated with the --resource parameter; 2. Model uses Eloquent ORM to interact with the database, corresponds to the data table by default, and supports definition of association relationships, which are often used to query and save data; 3. View uses the Blade template engine to organize front-end pages, located in the resources/views directory, supports inheritance and componentization, and maintains the unified structure. It is recommended to be unified in naming specifications, avoid writing complex logic in the View, use Resource Controller reasonably, and optimize the directory structure to improve maintainability.
Laravel's MVC architecture looks a bit complicated, but it is easy to use after understanding the structure. It divides the code into three parts: Model, View, and Controller, which makes it clear in logic and facilitates collaborative development.

How does Controller work?
In Laravel, the Controller is responsible for receiving requests and returning responses. You usually define the controller class under app/Http/Controllers
, each method corresponds to a route. For example, when you access /users
, you may call UserController@index
method.
In practice, you can use the Artisan command to quickly generate a controller:

php artisan make:controller UserController
If --resource
parameter is added, common CRUD methods (index, create, store, etc.) will be automatically generated, which is especially suitable for resource-based pages.
Controller should not write too much business logic, but call Model to process data and decide which data to pass to the View.

What does Model do?
Model is a data model, mainly used to deal with databases. Laravel uses Eloquent ORM by default, and each Model corresponds to a table.
For example: If you have a User
model, it will check the users
table by default. You can get the data directly through $user = User::find(1);
A common practice is to introduce Model in Controller, and then query or save data. For example:
use App\Models\User; public function show($id) { $user = User::find($id); return view('user.profile', compact('user')); }
Model can also define relationships. For example, a user has multiple articles, and this association can be expressed using hasMany()
.
How to organize Views?
View is the display layer, that is, the front-end page. Laravel uses the Blade template engine, and can write HTML in the .blade.php
file and add some dynamic syntax.
View files are usually placed in resources/views
directory. For example, in the example above, use view('user.profile')
, which corresponds to resources/views/user/profile.blade.php
.
Blade supports template inheritance, components, condition judgment and other features. For example, you can define a main layout layouts/app.blade.php
, and other pages inherit it to unify the page style.
Some tips in actual development
- The naming specifications should be unified : Controller class names are in plural forms (such as
UsersController
), and Models are in singular (such asUser
). - Don't write complex logic in View : try to keep Blade concise, and put complex judgments or calculations into Controller or Helper functions.
- Reasonable use of Resource Controller : It is very useful for standard page addition, deletion, modification and search, and reduce duplicate code.
- The directory structure should not be too messy : you can divide the Controller and View directories according to the module, such as
Admin/UserController
to avoid all files being piled up together.
Basically that's it. MVC is a basic but very important concept in Laravel. It may feel confusing at first, but once you get used to this division of labor, the development efficiency will be greatly improved.
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