Password hashing is used in Python to securely store user passwords. 1. Use libraries specially designed for passwords such as bcrypt or passlib for hashing, automatically add salt and support adaptive strength. 2. Avoid using fast hashing algorithms such as MD5 and SHA1, and do not splice manually or reuse salt values. 3. Store the complete hash string, including the algorithm identification and salt value. The field type is recommended to be VARCHAR(60) or above. 4. Do not encrypt the hash extra or set a unique index to ensure the security of password storage.
Password hash is used in Python to securely store user passwords, rather than directly saving plaintext. This step is very critical because once the database is leaked, the plain text password will directly expose the user's account risks. Therefore, do not store the password plaintext, but store the hash value .

There are some ready-made libraries in Python that can help us implement secure password hashing, such as bcrypt
, passlib
, and argon2
. Here are some common practices and suggestions.
Password hashing with bcrypt
bcrypt
is a widely used password hash library. It uses salt by default and supports adaptive hash strength, which is suitable for long-term use.

Installation method:
pip install bcrypt
Example of usage:

import bcrypt # Generate hash password = b"supersecretpassword" hashed = bcrypt.hashpw(password, bcrypt.gensalt()) # Verify password if bcrypt.checkpw(password, hashed): print("Password correct") else: print("Password Error")
suggestion:
- The value generated by each hash is different because salt is added automatically.
- Do not manage salt values manually.
- The hash value can be stored directly in the database.
Use passlib to handle multiple hashing methods
passlib
is a more general password hash library that supports a variety of algorithms, including bcrypt
, sha256_crypt
, argon2
, etc.
Install:
pip install passlib
Example (using bcrypt):
from passlib.hash import bcrypt hashed = bcrypt.hash("my_password") print(hashed) if bcrypt.verify("my_password", hashed): print("Verification Passed")
advantage:
- Supports multiple algorithms.
- Easy to migrate or upgrade hashing policies.
- More configurable.
Common misunderstandings about password hashing
Many people are prone to make some mistakes when implementing password hashing, such as:
- ? Use fast hashing algorithms such as MD5 or SHA1: These algorithms are designed for fast calculations and are not suitable for password storage.
- ? Manual splicing of salt values: error-prone, and not every developer can implement it correctly.
- ? Reuse the same salt value: This reduces safety.
- ? No prefix is added when storing the original hash: it is impossible to tell which algorithm is used.
Correct way to do it:
- Use algorithms designed for passwords (such as bcrypt, argon2).
- Add salt automatically, don't deal with it yourself.
- Stores the complete hash string containing the algorithm identifier and salt value.
Hash storage suggestions
There are a few small details to note when storing a hash value in the database:
- The database storage field type is recommended to be
VARCHAR(60)
or above, because the hash string length of bcrypt is usually 60. - Don't do extra encryption on hash values (unless there is an additional security layer requirement).
- The hash field should not be set to a unique index (because the hash of different users may accidentally be the same).
- Do not log in too many user login failures and lock the account (this may trigger a denial of service attack).
Password hashing is essentially the first line of defense for security. Python provides a good enough tool to achieve this. As long as you choose the right library and use the right method, there will basically be no major problems.
Basically that's it.
The above is the detailed content of Password Hashing in Python for Security. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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