Creating custom exception handlers in Laravel.
Jul 22, 2025 am 01:17 AM
To create custom exception handlers in Laravel, begin with the App\Exceptions\Handler class, use its render() method to handle specific exceptions like PaymentFailedException by returning custom responses and utilize report() for specialized logging such as sending errors to Slack. Additionally, use reportable() and renderable() closures for lightweight exception handling without modifying the Handler directly.
When building applications in Laravel, handling exceptions properly is key to maintaining stability and providing useful feedback. Laravel comes with a solid exception handling system out of the box, but sometimes you need more control — like logging specific errors differently or returning custom responses for certain types of exceptions. That’s where creating your own exception handlers comes into play.
Where to Start: The Exception Handler Class
In Laravel, all exceptions are handled by the App\Exceptions\Handler class. This is your starting point. You’ll find it already has two main methods: report() and render().
-
report()is used for logging or sending the exception somewhere (like a logging service). -
render()converts the exception into an HTTP response that can be sent back to the browser.
You don’t need to change anything yet — just understand how this class works. Any custom logic will usually go here.
How to Handle Specific Exceptions
Let’s say you want to handle a custom exception differently — maybe a UserNotFoundException, or something related to payment failures. Here’s how:
- Create a new exception class using
php artisan make:exception PaymentFailedException. - In your code, throw that exception when needed.
- Back in your
App\Exceptions\Handler, type-hint the exception in therender()method:
use App\Exceptions\PaymentFailedException;
public function render($request, Throwable $exception)
{
if ($exception instanceof PaymentFailedException) {
return response()->view('errors.payment', [], 500);
}
return parent::render($request, $exception);
}This lets you customize what users see without showing raw error messages. It’s especially helpful in production environments.
Logging Exceptions Differently
Sometimes you may want to log certain exceptions in a special way — maybe send them to Slack or save them in a separate file. For that, use the report() method.
For example:
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
use App\Exceptions\PaymentFailedException;
public function report(Throwable $exception)
{
if ($exception instanceof PaymentFailedException) {
Log::channel('slack')->critical($exception->getMessage());
}
return parent::report($exception);
}This gives you flexibility in how different exceptions are logged or reported, which helps with debugging and monitoring.
Also, if you're using services like Sentry or Bugsnag, they usually hook into this report() method to send errors off to their platforms automatically.
When to Use Reportable and Renderable Closures
Laravel also offers a lightweight way to handle exceptions without modifying the Handler class directly — using reportable() and renderable() in your bootstrap/app.php or service providers.
Here’s a quick example:
use Illuminate\Validation\ValidationException;
$app->renderable(function (ValidationException $e, $request) {
return response()->json([
'message' => $e->getMessage(),
'errors' => $e->errors(),
], $e->status);
});This approach is handy for small tweaks or when you're writing packages and want to avoid forcing users to modify their exception handler manually.
It’s not always necessary, but it’s a good tool to know about when you want to keep things modular.
That’s basically it. Custom exception handling in Laravel isn’t too hard once you understand how the Handler class works and when to use its different methods. It’s one of those things that doesn’t look exciting until you hit a real-world issue and realize how much cleaner your app behaves because of it.
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