To create a custom Artisan command in Laravel, first generate the command using php artisan make:command YourCommandName, which creates a class in app/Console/Commands. Next, define the command signature with arguments and options in the $signature property, such as user:send-welcome-email {user} {--force}. Then, implement logic inside the handle() method using $this->argument() and $this->option() to retrieve input values. Use $this->info(), $this->error(), or $this->line() for terminal output during execution. For automation, schedule the command via Laravel’s scheduler in app/Console/Kernel.php using $schedule->command(), and set up a cron entry on the server to run php artisan schedule:run.
When you need to automate repetitive tasks or add custom logic that runs outside the typical web request cycle in Laravel, building a custom Artisan command is the way to go. It's more organized than using plain PHP scripts and integrates smoothly with your Laravel application.

Here’s how to approach creating one without getting stuck on unnecessary complexity.

Setting up the command structure
The first thing you'll want to do is generate the command class using the Artisan make command:
php artisan make:command YourCommandName
This creates a new class in app/Console/Commands
and registers it automatically in Laravel (assuming you're using Laravel 8 with auto-discovery). The generated file includes a basic structure with a $signature
and a handle()
method.

Inside the signature, you can define the command name and any arguments or options. For example:
protected $signature = 'user:send-welcome-email {user} {--force}';
This allows your command to accept a required user
argument and an optional --force
flag.
Handling input and logic
Once the command is created, focus on what it needs to do. You’ll usually pull data from arguments and options using the argument()
and option()
methods inside the handle()
function.
For instance:
$user = $this->argument('user'); $force = $this->option('force');
From there, run whatever logic makes sense — querying the database, calling services, or dispatching jobs.
You might also want to provide feedback while the command runs. Use $this->info()
, $this->error()
, or $this->line()
to output messages to the terminal.
A common use case could be something like this:
- Fetch a user by ID.
- Check if they've already received a welcome email.
- If not, send it.
- Or, if the
--force
option is used, send it anyway.
This keeps your logic flexible and testable through the CLI.
Scheduling your command
If your command needs to run automatically at intervals, Laravel’s task scheduling system makes it easy.
Open app/Console/Kernel.php
and register the command in the schedule()
method:
$schedule->command('user:send-welcome-email 123 --force')->daily();
Or, if you want to schedule multiple commands dynamically, you can create a closure-based schedule or even call external shell commands.
Just keep in mind:
- Avoid putting heavy processing directly in the
schedule()
method. - Prefer dispatching jobs or calling services instead of doing everything inline.
Also, don’t forget to set up the server-side cron entry for Laravel’s scheduler:
* * * * * cd /path-to-your-project && php artisan schedule:run >> /dev/null 2>&1
That’s basically all you need to get started. Custom Artisan commands are straightforward once you know where to wire things up — and they’re super useful for long-term maintenance and automation.
The above is the detailed content of Developing custom Artisan commands for Laravel. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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