The object-fit attribute is used to control the alignment and scaling of pictures or videos in the container. Common values include: 1. fill (stretch fill), 2. contain (keep the full picture with scale), 3. cover (keep the container with scale, may be cropped), 4. none (show the original size), 5. scale-down (take the smaller effect of none and contain); is often used to unify the image display effect, such as the avatar component is clipped circularly, the product picture is kept neatly with cover, and the album is used to display complete photos; when using it, you should pay attention to only taking effect for replaceable elements, the container must have clear size, compatibility issues, and adjust the position with object-position.
object-fit attribute in CSS is used to control how replaceable elements (such as <img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/000/000/000/175269413490448.jpeg" class="lazy" alt="Describe the CSS `object-fit` property" > or <video></video> ) are aligned and scaled within their containers. Simply put, it determines how the picture or video is displayed in a fixed-size container, whether it is stretched, cropped or maintained proportions.
Common usage: adapt to different layout requirements
In web design, you often encounter the problem of inconsistent image sizes. For example, in a card-style layout, each card has the same size, but the image inside may have different aspect ratios. At this time, object-fit can be used to unify the visual effects.
Common values include:
-
fill: stretching and filling the container, which may deform -
contain: Keep scaled to ensure the entire content is visible -
cover: keep proportional filling of the container, some content may be cut -
none: no adjustment, display the original size -
scale-down: similar to the smaller effect innoneandcontain
For example, if you have an avatar component, you want the image to always be centered and cover the entire circular area, it will usually be written like this:
.avatar {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
border-radius: 50%;
object-fit: cover;
}Details to pay attention to when using
Although object-fit is practical, there are some things that are easy to ignore to pay attention to:
- It only takes effect on replaceable elements , such as
<img alt="Describe the CSS `object-fit` property" >,<video></video>, SVG, etc., and ordinary block-level elements are invalid. - If the size of the image itself is the same as the container proportion, then setting
object-fit: coveris the same ascontaineffect - Poor support in older browsers (such as IE) is necessary to consider compatibility issues
- Together with
object-positionyou can fine-tune the position of the image in the container, such asobject-position: top left
Sometimes you will find that setting object-fit has no effect. At this time, you can check whether the parent container does not have a clear width and height, or the image itself uses adaptive settings such as width: auto .
Examples of practical application scenarios
In some common scenarios, the choice of object-fit will affect user experience and visual consistency:
- Product display page: usually use
coverto ensure that each product picture looks uniform - Album preview: suitable for using
containto avoid cropping, allowing users to see the complete photos - Avatar upload component: Use
coverborder-radius: 50%is the standard practice - Adaptive banner: If the important part of the background image is in the middle, you can use
cover; if you need to fully display all the content, choosecontain
Basically that's it. This property is not complicated, but it is very commonly used in actual development. Understanding its behavior can help you deal with image layout issues more efficiently.
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