To achieve automatic playback and control bar display of audio in web pages, you need to use HTML attributes correctly and deal with browser policies. First, add controls attributes to the audio tag to display the control bar, written as <audio src="music.mp3" controls></audio>; second, implementing automatic playback requires user interaction or audio muted, the common method is to add autoplay and muted attributes; third, if you need to unmute, you can call play() in user interaction events through JavaScript and set muted=false; fourth, mobile restrictions are stricter, and it is recommended to provide a play button to trigger playback by the user; fifth, to improve compatibility, a variety of audio formats can be provided using the source tag.
Embedding audio in web pages and realizing automatic playback is a common requirement for many music websites or multimedia projects. HTML provides native audio
tags to support audio playback, but to implement the control bar display and automatic playback functions, it is necessary to deal with both the HTML and browser policy levels.

How to correctly use the controls attribute of audio
tags
To display the audio player's control bar (such as play, pause, progress bar, etc.) on a web page, you need to add controls
attribute in the audio
tag. The writing method is as follows:
<audio src="music.mp3" controls></audio>
This way the browser will render a default audio player. controls
is a boolean property that the browser displays the control as long as it exists. It should be noted that the styles displayed by different browsers may be slightly different.

If you want to customize the player appearance, you can do without controls
and then build your own control interface through JavaScript and HTML elements.
Things to note when realizing automatic audio playback
Modern browsers limit the automatic playback behavior of audio by default for user experience. To make the audio play automatically when the page loads, one of the following conditions needs to be met:

- Users have interacted with the page (such as clicks, touches, etc.)
- Audio is silent
Common implementations are as follows:
<audio src="music.mp3" autoplay muted></audio>
This code will make the audio automatically play after loading and silent. If you want to unmute after playback, you can control it through JavaScript:
const audio = document.querySelector('audio'); audio.play(); audio.muted = false;
However, it should be noted that this operation is best performed after the user triggers an event (such as clicking a button), otherwise it may still be intercepted by the browser.
FAQs and Solutions
Automatic playback failed
- Browser settings restrictions : Some browsers allow users to set globally to prohibit automatic playback, which can only prompt the user to play manually.
- Cross-domain resource issues : If the audio file comes from another domain, you need to make sure that the server is configured with the correct CORS permissions.
- User interaction is not used correctly : If you want to play automatically without mute,
play()
method must be called the first time the user clicks on the page.
Mobile playback restrictions are stricter
Mobile browsers usually have stricter requirements for automatic playback, and even if muted
is set, user interaction may be required to play. The recommended approach is:
- The page does not play first, but provides a "play" button
- The user clicks the button before starting to play the audio
- Playback can be triggered and unmuteed via button click event
Audio format compatibility
The audio formats supported by different browsers are slightly different, and common ones such as MP3, WAV, and OGG have their own compatibility ranges. It is recommended to provide multiple formats of audio sources, using source
tag:
<audio autoplay muted> <source src="music.mp3" type="audio/mpeg"> <source src="music.ogg" type="audio/ogg"> Your browser does not support audio playback. </audio>
This improves compatibility in different browsers.
Basically that's it. Implementing audio playback and automatic playback is actually not complicated, but it is easy to cause problems due to browser restrictions. Understanding these restrictions and responding reasonably is the key.
The above is the detailed content of Implementing HTML `audio` Controls and Autoplay. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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