Code segmentation improves Vue application performance by splitting JavaScript files and loading them on demand. 1. Use asynchronous components to dynamically import components through import() to achieve on-demand loading, which is suitable for non-immediate use components such as pop-up windows and details pages; 2. Lazy routing loading, configure routing-level code segmentation in Vue Router to ensure that the page only loads necessary resources; 3. Split by function or module, separate background management, front-end display, public components, etc., and dynamically load large libraries; 4. Optimize output with construction tools, such as Webpack's splitChunks, Vite's rollupOptions and monitoring the packaging volume to optimize chunk division.
After Vue applications become complicated, the packaged JavaScript files may become large, affecting the loading speed. Code Splitting is a solution to this problem. It allows you to split the code into multiple chunks and load it only when needed, rather than loading the entire content from the beginning.
Below are some commonly used techniques and practices for implementing code segmentation in Vue projects.
Async Components
This is the most common and easiest way to implement code segmentation. Vue supports defining components as asynchronous functions, so that this component will only load the corresponding code when it is rendered.
const AsyncComponent = () => import('path/component.vue');
When using import() to dynamically import components, Webpack, Vite or other build tools will automatically help you split the code and generate independent chunk files.
suggestion:
- Write all components that are not used immediately asynchronous components, such as pop-ups, details pages, etc.
- Do not abuse on frequently switched components, otherwise the number of requests will increase.
Lazy Loading Routes
If you are using Vue Router, routing-level code segmentation is very recommended. This ensures that each page only loads the code it needs.
const routes = [
{
path: '/about',
component: () => import('../views/About.vue')
}
];This method is particularly useful for home screen optimization. When the user visits the first time, only the relevant resources on the homepage will be loaded, and other pages will be loaded as needed.
Note:
- Named chunks can help you see the packaged file structure more clearly (for Webpack):
component: () => import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/About.vue')
- If you are using Vite, it supports asynchronous import by default and does not require additional configuration.
Split by Feature or Module
In addition to components and routing, code segmentation can also be done from the overall structure. For example:
- Separate the background management module and the front-end display module;
- Package public components, business components, and tool functions separately;
- Use dynamic
import()to load certain plugins or third-party libraries.
For example:
You want to load a large chart library only when an operation is triggered, and you can do this:
async function loadChart() {
const chartLib = await import('chart.js');
chartLib.init();
}This will prevent all functions from loading in from the beginning.
Optimize output with the construction tool
Different build tools have slightly different support for code segmentation:
- Webpack : Automatically split through
import()andsplitChunksplug-in. - Vite : Based on native ES Modules, no packaging is done during the development stage, and Rollup is used for efficient code segmentation during production and construction.
- Rollup / Parcel : There are also their own code segmentation strategies, but the ecosystem is not as mature as Webpack.
Optimization suggestions:
- Configure the
splitChunkspolicy rationally to avoid generating too many small chunks. - Use
build.rollupOptions.output.manualChunksinvite.config.jsto manually control the division of chunks. - Monitor the package volume and use the Bundle Analyzer tool to view the size of each module.
Basically, these common Vue code segmentation techniques are all about. Although not particularly complicated, if these details are ignored, it is easy to cause the project to load slowly after it becomes larger. Rational use of asynchronous loading and module splitting can improve the user experience a lot.
The above is the detailed content of Techniques for code splitting in Vue?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
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