The shutdown command of Linux/macOS can be shut down, restarted, and timed operations through parameters. 1. Use sudo shutdown now or -h/-P parameters immediately; 2. Use the time or specific time point of time for shutdown, cancel the use of -c; 3. Use the -r parameter to restart, support timed restart; 4. Pay attention to the need for sudo permissions, and be cautious in remote operation to avoid data loss.
Shutdown command shutdown seems simple, but it uses a lot, especially in Linux or macOS terminals. Mastering several common parameters will allow you to more flexibly control the system shutdown or restart.
Basic usage of turning off the computer
The easiest way to use it is to enter directly:
sudo shutdown now
This will shut down immediately. sudo is needed because shutdown is a system management operation, and ordinary users do not have permission by default. If you are an administrator user, you can execute it smoothly by adding sudo .
Two other common alternatives are:
-
sudo shutdown -h now: The effect is the same as above,-hmeans "halt", which means shutdown. -
sudo shutdown -P now:-Pmeans "power off", which also means shutdown. In most cases, there is no difference between-h.
Timely shutdown and cancel shutdown
Sometimes you want the computer to automatically shut down after a period of time, such as after downloading a large file. You can use:
sudo shutdown 10
It means shut down after 10 minutes. You can also specify a specific time, for example:
sudo shutdown 23:00
It means that the power will be turned off at 11 p.m.
If you set a timed shutdown and temporarily change your mind, you can cancel:
sudo shutdown -c
This command will cancel the previously set shutdown task, and you can add a message, such as:
sudo shutdown -c "Canceling scheduled shutdown"
This way other users can see that you canceled the plan.
Restart instead of shutting down
If you want to restart the system instead of shutting down, you can use the -r parameter:
sudo shutdown -r now
This command is suitable for remote server maintenance, or for scenarios such as you need to quickly restart and update the kernel.
You can also set a scheduled restart:
sudo shutdown -r 5
It means restarting after 5 minutes.
Notes and FAQs
- Permissions issue : Most of the time you need
sudo, otherwise you will prompt that there is insufficient permissions. - Use remote servers with caution : If you connect to the server via SSH and execute the shutdown command, remember to make sure there is a way to reboot, otherwise you may "lock yourself outside".
- There are similar commands on Windows : Although this article mainly talks about
shutdownfor Linux/macOS, the Windows command line also supportsshutdown, with different syntax, such as shutdown for/sand restarting/r. - Avoid data loss : It is best to save all work before shutting down, because the system will not automatically save unsave content.
Basically that's it. It is not complicated, but it is easy to ignore details, such as forgetting to add sudo or mistakenly setting a timed shutdown. After using it skillfully, you will find that it is faster and more flexible than clicking the mouse.
The above is the detailed content of How to use the `shutdown` command. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
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