Written in C programming language, Apache Subversion, commonly known as SVN, is a free and open-source version control system that records historical versions of files and directories.

In simple terms, SVN functions as a version tracker, enabling users to submit file modifications to a repository that logs who made each change. The repository works similarly to a file server, but with the added benefit of tracking modifications and allowing recovery of older versions or reviewing file history.

This guide will walk you through installing SVN on RHEL-Based Linux systems like CentOS, Fedora, Rocky Linux, and AlmaLinux.

Step 1: Install Apache Subversion (SVN) in Linux

Start by installing Subversion along with its related packages using the following command:

<code>$ sudo dnf install mod_dav_svn subversion</code>

This command also installs the Apache HTTP web server if it's not already present. You can then start and verify the status of Apache with:

<code>$ sudo systemctl start httpd
$ sudo systemctl status httpd</code>

Step 2: Create and Configure a Local SVN Repository

After installing SVN, the next step is to set up a repository for storing your code.

Begin by creating the SVN directory:

<code>$ sudo mkdir -p /var/www/svn</code>

Then, move into that directory and create the repository using the svnadmin create command:

<code>$ cd /var/www/svn/
$ sudo svnadmin create demo_repo</code>

Now, assign ownership of the SVN directory to the Apache user:

<code>$ sudo chown -R apache.apache /var/www/svn</code>

Step 3: Create a Subversion Configuration File

Next, create a configuration file for Subversion:

<code>$ sudo vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/subversion.conf</code>

Insert the following content:

<code>LoadModule dav_svn_module     modules/mod_dav_svn.so
LoadModule authz_svn_module   modules/mod_authz_svn.so
<p><location>
DAV svn
SVNParentPath /var/www/svn</location></p>
<h1>Limit write access to authenticated users.</h1>
<p><limitexcept get options propfind report></limitexcept></p>
<h1>Enforce SSL for secure password transmission.</h1>
<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"><code>  # SSLRequireSSL

  AuthType Basic
  AuthName "Subversion repo"
  AuthUserFile /etc/svn-auth-users
  Require valid-user</code>

Save and exit the editor.

Step 4: Create Authorized Subversion Users

Now, create users authorized to access the repository. Use the htpasswd command with the -cm flag to generate the first user. Passwords are stored in the /etc/svn-auth-users file.

<code>$ sudo htpasswd -cm /etc/svn-auth-users svnuser1</code>

For additional users, use only the -m option without -c:

<code>$ sudo htpasswd -m /etc/svn-auth-users svnuser2
$ sudo htpasswd -m /etc/svn-auth-users svnuser3</code>

Restart the Apache service to apply the changes:

<code>$ sudo systemctl restart httpd</code>

Step 5: Configure Firewall and SELinux for SVN

Allow HTTP traffic through the firewall:

<code>$ sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=http --permanent
$ sudo firewall-cmd --reload</code>

Apply these SELinux rules to the repository:

<code>$ sudo chcon -R -t httpd_sys_content_t  /var/www/svn/demo_repo
$ sudo chcon -R -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t /var/www/svn/demo_repo</code>

Step 6: Accessing SVN from a Browser

To access your SVN repository via a browser, visit this URL:

<code><a href="http://ipnx.cn/link/721cc4aaaf4e30504cb0ddcb4f756763">http://ipnx.cn/link/721cc4aaaf4e30504cb0ddcb4f756763</a></code>

Using SVN Repository

To begin working with the repository, create a local copy using the svn checkout command:

<code>$ svn checkout URL </code>

Navigate into the checked-out directory:

<code>$ cd demo_repo</code>

Create some test files:

<code>$ touch file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt</code>

Add them to SVN:

<code>$ svn add file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt</code>

Commit the files to the repository:

<code>$ svn commit -m "Adding new files" file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt</code>

You can verify the upload by checking the repository in your browser.

That’s all — you’ve successfully installed and configured SVN on RHEL, CentOS, Fedora, Rocky Linux, and AlmaLinux.

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