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Table of Contents
Install and configure Vitest or Jest
Write the first component test
Testing tips and precautions
Home Web Front-end Front-end Q&A Unit Testing Vue Components with Vitest/Jest

Unit Testing Vue Components with Vitest/Jest

Jul 08, 2025 am 01:40 AM

The key to writing unit tests for Vue components is to choose the right tools and master the basic routines. 1. Vitest is suitable for modern projects and is fast; Jest is mature in ecosystem and has good compatibility. 2. To install and configure Vitest, you need to add plug-ins and set up scripts; Jest needs to create configuration files and install related dependencies. 3. When writing test cases, use mount to simulate real behavior, and note that await should be used for asynchronous operations. 4. During testing, mock external dependencies, deal with asynchronous rendering, avoid overtesting styles, and splitting complex logic. 5. Persisting in running the test after each modification can effectively reduce bugs.

Unit Testing Vue Components with Vitest/Jest

It is actually not difficult to write unit tests for Vue components. The key is to choose the right tools and master the basic routines. Vitest and Jest are both mainstream choices. If used properly, they can help you discover many potential problems and improve the quality of your code.

Unit Testing Vue Components with Vitest/Jest

Install and configure Vitest or Jest

First determine which test framework you want to use. Vitest is based on Vite, fast and suitable for modern projects; Jest is more mature, has a richer ecosystem and better compatibility.

Unit Testing Vue Components with Vitest/Jest

Vitest:

  1. Installation dependencies:

    Unit Testing Vue Components with Vitest/Jest
     npm install -D vitest @vitejs/plugin-vue vue-test-utils

  2. Add plugin in vite.config.js :

     import { defineConfig } from 'vite'
import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue'

export default defineConfig({
  plugins: [vue()]
})

  3. Add script to package.json :

     "scripts": {
  "test:unit": "vitest"
}

Jest:

  1. Installation dependencies:

     npm install -D jest @vue/test-utils@next vue-jest babel-jest

  2. Create jest.config.js file:

     module.exports = {
  testEnvironment: 'jsdom',
  transform: {
    '^. \\.vue$': 'vue-jest',
    '^. \\.js$': 'babel-jest'
  },
  moduleNameMapper: {
    &#39;^@/(.*)$&#39;: &#39;<rootDir>/src/$1&#39;
  }
}

  3. Add script:

     "scripts": {
  "test:unit": "jest"
}

Write the first component test

Take a simple button component as an example: the number increases after clicking.

 <!-- CounterButton.vue -->
<template>
  <button @click="count ">Clicked {{ count }} times</button>
</template>

<script setup>
import { ref } from &#39;vue&#39;

const count = ref(0)
</script>

Corresponding test files:

 // CounterButton.test.js
import { mount } from &#39;@vue/test-utils&#39;
import CounterButton from &#39;./CounterButton.vue&#39;

test(&#39;increments count when clicked&#39;, async () => {
  const wrapper = mount(CounterButton)
  await wrapper.trigger(&#39;click&#39;)
  expect(wrapper.text()).toContain(&#39;Clicked 1 times&#39;)
})

A few notes:

  • Using mount instead of shallowMount can simulate behavior more realistically.
  • await should be used for asynchronous operations, such as event triggering, data update, etc.
  • Don't just measure the rendering results, but also cover the interactive logic.

Testing tips and precautions

  • Mock to remove external dependencies : If your component calls the API or uses Vuex/Pinia, remember to mock to remove these parts and make sure that the test focuses on the component itself.

    Example (mock axios):

     jest.mock(&#39;axios&#39;, () => ({
  get: jest.fn(() => Promise.resolve({ data: &#39;mocked data&#39; }))
}))

  • Handling asynchronous rendering : Vue updates the DOM asynchronously, so you need to use await nextTick() or await flushPromises() to wait for the update to complete.

  • Avoid overtesting styles : Don't test font colors or margins such as easy to change, focus on testing structure and logic.

  • Split complex logic into testable functions : If there is a lot of business logic in the component, it is recommended to extract it into a separate function, which makes it easier to do unit testing.

    • Basically that's it. Unit tests for writing Vue components are not complicated, but it is easy to ignore details. As long as you insist on running the test every time you make a correction, you can greatly reduce the probability of bugs.

    The above is the detailed content of Unit Testing Vue Components with Vitest/Jest. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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