Resetting PRAM/NVRAM can resolve issues such as Mac startup failure, sound or display settings, and is suitable for Mac with Intel processors. PRAM and NVRAM are small memory areas that store system settings, such as volume, resolution, and boot disk selection, which can cause system exceptions when errors occur. 1. Turn off the Mac; 2. Press and hold the Option Command PR four keys; 3. Turn on and hold it for about 20 seconds until you hear the second startup sound or see the Apple logo disappear and then release it. MacBook Pro with Touch Bar can be directly clicked on the "Reset" button or continue to use the key combination. It is recommended to try this when encountering boot disk identification problems, resolution errors, volume recovery defaults, fan speed abnormalities, etc. The M1 and Macs that update the chip do not need to reset manually.
Resetting PRAM or NVRAM is an easy but effective way to solve some common problems on your Mac, such as startup failures, sound or display settings abnormalities. Although the operation of different models of Macs is slightly different, the overall process is not complicated, as long as you pay attention to the timing and key combination, there is no problem.
What are PRAM and NVRAM?
PRAM (Parameter RAM) and NVRAM (Non-Volatile RAM) are small memory areas used in Mac to store system settings, such as volume, screen resolution, boot disk selection, etc. This information remains even after shutdown. When this part of the data is incorrect, it may cause abnormal system behavior, and resetting it can solve the problem.
Which Macs need to be reset manually?
Not all Macs require you to manually reset PRAM/NVRAM. Generally speaking:
- Older Macs using Intel processors require manual operation.
- Macs using Apple Silicon (M1/M2 chips) do not require this step because they automatically manage this part of the settings.
So if you are using an M1 or a newer Mac, you can skip this step. The following operations are suitable for Intel Macs.
How to reset PRAM/NVRAM?
The operation steps are as follows:
- Turn off your Mac.
- Find the four keys on the keyboard: Option, Command, P, and R.
- Press and hold these four keys and press the power button to turn on.
- Keep holding these four keys for about 20 seconds until you hear the second start-up sound (if there is a speaker) or see the Apple logo appear and disappear again, and you can release it.
After doing this, the Mac will reload the default system settings and some misconfigurations will be cleared.
Tip: If you are using a MacBook Pro with Touch Bar, you don’t need to look for physical keys. A "Reset" button prompt will appear directly on the touch bar (some macOS versions), and you can continue to use the keyboard key combination method.
When should I reset PRAM/NVRAM?
You can try this when you encounter the following situation:
- The startup disk cannot be recognized during startup
- The screen resolution is always wrong
- Volume settings restore default every time you restart
- Fan speed is abnormal or temperature sensor display is inaccurate
Sometimes these problems are not hardware failures, but errors in the small area of ??the storage settings, which can often be restored to normal after resetting.
Basically that's all, the whole process is less than a minute, but sometimes it can solve the problem that makes you have a headache for a long time. If you are not sure whether to operate, first confirm whether your Mac model is Intel. If it is an M1 or later chip, you don’t need to do it.
The above is the detailed content of How to reset PRAM or NVRAM on a Mac?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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