How to control the life cycle of Golang coroutines?
May 31, 2024 pm 06:05 PM
Controlling the life cycle of the Go coroutine can be done in the following ways: Create a coroutine: Use the go keyword to start a new task. Terminate coroutines: wait for all coroutines to complete, use sync.WaitGroup. Use channel closing signals. Use context context.Context.
How to control the life cycle of Go coroutines?
In the Go language, coroutines (also known as Goroutines) are lightweight concurrent execution bodies used to perform specific tasks without blocking the main thread. Managing the lifecycle of coroutines is critical to writing robust and maintainable parallel code.
Create a coroutine
Use the go keyword to create a coroutine. It starts a new task in the background so that the main thread can continue execution.
go func() {
// 執(zhí)行任務
}Terminating the coroutine
Cannot terminate the coroutine directly, but there are the following methods to achieve this purpose indirectly:
Wait for all coroutines to complete
Use sync.WaitGroup Synchronization task completed:
import "sync"
var wg sync.WaitGroup
func main() {
for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
wg.Add(1)
go func(i int) {
// 執(zhí)行任務
wg.Done()
}(i)
}
wg.Wait()
}Use channel close signal
Use channel to send "close" signal to coroutine:
func main() {
done := make(chan struct{})
for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
go func(i int) {
for {
select {
case <-done:
return // 協(xié)程停止
default:
// 執(zhí)行任務
}
}
}(i)
}
close(done) // 向所有協(xié)程發(fā)送"關閉"信號
}Use context
Use context.Context to manage the execution of the coroutine. When the context is canceled, the coroutine will also terminate:
import "context"
func main() {
ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
go func(i int) {
for {
select {
case <-ctx.Done():
return // 協(xié)程停止
default:
// 執(zhí)行任務
}
}
}(i)
}
cancel() // 取消上下文
}Actual case
The following It is a practical case of using channel closing signal:
package main
import "fmt"
import "time"
func main() {
// 使用信道告訴協(xié)程何時退出
stop := make(chan struct{})
// 創(chuàng)建 5 個協(xié)程
for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
go func(i int) {
for {
// 檢查是否已經(jīng)收到退出信號
select {
case <-stop:
fmt.Printf("協(xié)程 %d 已退出\n", i)
return
default:
fmt.Printf("協(xié)程 %d 正在運行\(zhòng)n", i)
time.Sleep(time.Second)
}
}
}(i)
}
// 運行 5 秒，然后發(fā)送退出信號
time.Sleep(time.Second * 5)
close(stop)
// 等待所有協(xié)程退出
time.Sleep(time.Second * 1)
}The above is the detailed content of How to control the life cycle of Golang coroutines?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
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