How to set up authentication in MongoDB?
Oct 16, 2025 am 10:45 AM
First enable authentication in the MongoDB configuration and then create users with roles to ensure secure access. Specific steps include: modify mongod.conf to enable authorization and restart the service; create an administrator user with the root role in the admin database; authenticate through db.auth or connection string; you can also create a user with limited permissions for a specific database, such as the readWrite user of myapp. This process ensures the safety of the production environment.
To set up authentication in MongoDB, you need to enable access control and create users with appropriate roles. This ensures that only authorized users can access your database. Here's how to do it step by step.
1. Enable Authentication in MongoDB Configuration
Before setting up users, you must configure MongoDB to require authentication.
- Open the MongoDB configuration file (usually mongod.conf , located at /etc/mongod.conf on Linux or C:\Program Files\MongoDB\Server\xx\bin\mongod.conf on Windows). - Under the security section, enable authorization: security:
authorization: enabled
sudo systemctl restart mongod (Linux)
or
Restart the MongoDB service via Services (Windows)
2. Create an Admin User
After enabling authorization, start the MongoDB shell and create a user with administrative privileges.
- Connect to MongoDB without authentication first:mongo
- Switch to the admin database:useadmin
- Create an admin user with the userAdminAnyDatabase role (or root for full access): db.createUser({
user: "adminUser",
pwd: "securePassword123",
roles: ["root"]
})
3. Authenticate When Connecting
Once authentication is enabled, users must log in to access the database.
- To authenticate in the MongoDB shell: useadmin
db.auth("adminUser", "securePassword123")
mongo -u adminUser -p securePassword123 --authenticationDatabase admin
For applications, include credentials in the connection string:mongodb://adminUser:securePassword123@localhost:27017/admin
4. Create Database-Specific Users
You can create users with limited access to specific databases.
- For example, to create a user for a database called myapp : use myapp
db.createUser({
user: "myappUser",
pwd: "appPass987",
roles: ["readWrite"]
})
Basically, just enable authorization in config, create a strong admin user, and use proper credentials when connecting. It's not complex but essential for production security.
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