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Table of Contents
Set up Full-Text Index in Migration
Use Where Full-Text in Queries
Handle Search Logic in Model or Service
Fallback for Basic Search (Optional)
Home PHP Framework Laravel How to create a full-text search in Laravel?

How to create a full-text search in Laravel?

Sep 16, 2025 am 03:42 AM
laravel research all

To implement full-text search in Laravel, first add a full-text index in the migration using $table->fullText(['title', 'content']); then use whereFullText(['title', 'content'], $query) in queries for efficient searching; encapsulate logic in a model scope for reusability and fall back to LIKE if needed.

How to create a full-text search in Laravel?

To create a full-text search in Laravel, you don't need to build everything from scratch. Laravel provides tools and conventions that work well with database-level full-text indexing and querying. Here's how you can implement it effectively using MySQL or PostgreSQL, which support full-text search natively.

Set up Full-Text Index in Migration

If you're using MySQL or PostgreSQL, you can add a full-text index on the columns you want to search. For example, if you have an articles table and want to search through title and content, update your migration:

database/migrations/xxxx_create_articles_table.php

In the schema definition:

  • $table->text('title');
  • $table->text('content');
  • $table->fullText(['title', 'content']); // This creates a full-text index

Use Where Full-Text in Queries

Laravel allows you to use whereFullText method (available in Laravel 8 ) for full-text searches on MySQL and PostgreSQL.

Example in a controller:

  • $query = request('search');
  • $articles = Article::whereFullText(['title', 'content'], $query)->get();

This automatically generates the correct SQL (MATCH...AGAINST in MySQL) and leverages the full-text index for better performance.

Handle Search Logic in Model or Service

You can encapsulate the search logic inside your model for reusability:

app/Models/Article.php

  • public function scopeSearch($query, $searchTerm)
  • {
  • ??if (! $searchTerm) return $query;
  • ??return $query->whereFullText(['title', 'content'], $searchTerm);
  • }

Now use it like:

  • Article::search('Laravel full-text')->get();

Fallback for Basic Search (Optional)

If full-text isn’t available or you’re on SQLite (which has limited support), you can fall back to LIKE queries — though this is slower and less accurate:

  • $articles = Article::where('title', 'LIKE', "%$query%")
  • ??->orWhere('content', 'LIKE', "%$query%")->get();

For advanced needs like relevance scoring, language support, or large-scale applications, consider Scout with drivers like Algolia or Meilisearch. But for most apps, native full-text with whereFullText works great.

Basically just add the index, use the right query method, and keep it simple.

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