創(chuàng)建語言文件：在resources/lang目錄下為每種語言（如en、es）創(chuàng)建子目錄並添加messages.php文件，或使用JSON文件存儲翻譯；2. 設置應用語言：通過中間件讀取請求頭Accept-Language或通過URL前綴檢測語言，使用app()->setLocale()設置當前語言，並在Kernel.php中註冊中間件；3. 使用翻譯函數(shù)：在視圖中使用__(), trans()或@lang獲取翻譯內(nèi)容，推薦使用支持回退的__(); 4. 支持參數(shù)和復數(shù)：在翻譯字符串中使用佔位符如:name，用trans_choice()處理複數(shù)形式如'{0} No apples|{1} One apple|[2,*] :count apples'；5. 配置回退語言：在config/app.php中設置locale和fallback_locale確保缺失翻譯時回退到默認語言；6. 可選性能優(yōu)化：生產(chǎn)環(huán)境可通過第三方包實現(xiàn)翻譯緩存；7. 前端集成：通過API接口暴露翻譯或使用Vue等框架專用插件共享語言包；總結：Laravel國際化需結構化管理語言文件，統(tǒng)一使用__()函數(shù)，結合中間件動態(tài)設置語言，並處理參數(shù)、複數(shù)及回退，以實現(xiàn)多語言支持。

Internationalizing a Laravel application allows you to serve content in multiple languages, making your app accessible to a global audience. Laravel provides solid built-in support for localization through language files and helper functions. Here's how to set it up properly.

1. Set Up Language Files

Laravel stores language strings in resources/lang directory. Each language has its own subdirectory (eg, en , es , fr ).

Create language directories and files:

 /resources
  /lang
    /en
      messages.php
    /es
      messages.php

Example: /resources/lang/en/messages.php

 <?php

return [
    &#39;welcome&#39; => &#39;Welcome to our application&#39;,
    &#39;login&#39; => &#39;Login&#39;,
];

Example: /resources/lang/es/messages.php

 <?php

return [
    &#39;welcome&#39; => &#39;Bienvenido a nuestra aplicación&#39;,
    &#39;login&#39; => &#39;Iniciar sesión&#39;,
];

You can also use JSON files for single translation strings (eg, resources/lang/es.json ), which Laravel supports natively.

2. Detect and Set the Application Locale

Laravel uses the App::setLocale() method to switch languages. You need to determine the user's preferred language and set it early in the request lifecycle.

Option A: Middleware (Recommended)

Create a middleware to set the locale:

 php artisan make:middleware SetLocale

In app/Http/Middleware/SetLocale.php :

 public function handle($request, \Closure $next)
{
    $locale = $request->header('Accept-Language', 'en');

    // Validate and sanitize locale (eg, 'en', 'es')
    $supportedLocales = ['en', 'es', 'fr'];
    if (! in_array($locale, $supportedLocales)) {
        $locale = 'en'; // fallback
    }

    app()->setLocale($locale);

    return $next($request);
}

Register the middleware in app/Http/Kernel.php under $middleware or a route group.

Option B: URL-Based Locale

You can also pass the locale via the URL:

 Route::get('/{locale}/welcome', function ($locale) {
    app()->setLocale($locale);
    return view('welcome');
});

Or use a route group:

 Route::prefix('{locale}')->middleware('set.locale')->group(function () {
    Route::get('/welcome', [WelcomeController::class, 'index']);
});

Then extract and store the locale in the session or user preferences.

3. Use Translation Functions in Views and Code

Laravel provides several helpers to retrieve translated strings.

Using __() helper:

 <h1>{{ __(&#39;messages.welcome&#39;) }}</h1>
<p>{{ __(&#39;messages.login&#39;) }}</p>

Or with JSON translations:

 <h1>{{ __(&#39;Welcome to our application&#39;) }}</h1>

Using @lang Blade directive:

 @lang('messages.welcome')

Note: @lang does not fall back to other languages and is less flexible than __() , so __() is preferred.

Passing Parameters

For dynamic translations:

 // Language file
'hello' => 'Hello, :name',

 {{ __('messages.hello', ['name' => 'John']) }}

4. Pluralization and Choice

Laravel supports pluralization using the trans_choice() function.

Example in language file:

 'apples' => '{0} No apples|{1} One apple|[2,*] :count apples',

Or using placeholders:

 'apples' => 'One apple|:count apples',

Usage:

 {{ trans_choice('messages.apples', 3) }}

This outputs: 3 apples .

5. Fallback and Missing Translations

Laravel falls back to the default locale (defined in config/app.php ) when a translation is missing.

Ensure your config/app.php includes:

 'locale' => 'en',
'fallback_locale' => 'en',

You can log or handle missing translations by extending Laravel's translator, but by default, it returns the key or fallback.

6. Caching Translations (Optional)

In production, you can cache language files for performance:

 php artisan config:cache
php artisan route:cache

While Laravel doesn't provide lang:cache by default, you can use packages like barryvdh/laravel-translation-manager or implement a custom cache layer if needed.

7. JavaScript Integration (Optional)

If your frontend needs translations, consider using packages like spatie/laravel-translatable or inertiajs/inertia with shared props, or expose translations via a secure endpoint:

 Route::get('/translations/{locale}', function ($locale) {
    $translations = trans('messages', [], $locale);
    return response()->json($translations);
});

Or use a package like vue-i18n / laravel-vue-i18n if using Vue.

Summary

To internationalize a Laravel app:

• Store translations in resources/lang/{locale}/
• Use __() or trans() helpers in views and controllers
• Detect language via header, URL, or user settings
• Set locale using middleware
• Support parameters and pluralization
• Handle fallbacks and missing keys

It's not complex, but consistency in structure and planning your locales upfront makes maintenance easier.

以上是如何國際化Laravel申請的詳細內(nèi)容。更多資訊請關注PHP中文網(wǎng)其他相關文章！